D

Defecation: Defecation: SEE Excretion and Defecation ( 0 )

Deinotherium Kaup, 1829 ( 8 )
		1837	Blainville, H.M. de
		1837	Duméril, A.M.C.
		1837	Kaup, J.J.
x		1837	Robert, C. ("Dinotherium"; m471.)
		1837	Saint-Hilaire, I.G.
		1837	Strauss
x		1875	Wilder, B.G. (opinions on affinities; 111.)
	*	2000	Gregor et al. (deinotheres considered closely related to sirs.)

Delaware ( 2 )
	1998	Bohaska, D.J. (indet. dugongid; Early Mioc.; 183-185.)
	2018	Domning, D.P. (Dugongid rib fragments; Mioc.; Kent Co., Pollack Farm Site; 245.)

Desmodontia Kishida, 1933 ( 1 )
	D	*	1933	Kishida, K. (new suborder; proposed as subdivision of Multituberculata)

Desmostylella Nagao, 1937 ( 4 )
x	D	*	1937b	Nagao, T. (n.gen.; 82-85.)
x	D		1963	Mitchell & Repenning (syn. of Desmostylus; m4.)
	D		1966c	Shikama, T. (syn. of Desmostylus)
x	D		1991	Clark, J.M. (syn. of Desmostylus; m493.)

Desmostylella typica Nagao, 1937 ( 3 )
x	D	*	1937b	Nagao, T. (n.gen.n.sp.; 82-85.)
x	D		1961	Hanzawa et al. (type specimen; 355.)
	D		1966c	Shikama, T.

Desmostylia Reinhart, 1953 ( 7 )
x	D	v	1949b	Anon. (Coalinga, California; skeleton; 313.)
x	D	*	1953	Reinhart, R.H. (new order; 187.)
x	D		1964	Mitchell & Lipps (San Clemente Is., California; 214-215.)
x	D		1970a	Reinhart, R.H. (gen. acc.; 243.)
x	D		1977b	Domning, D.P. (paleoecology; 356-357, 360-361.)
	D	*	1995	Inuzuka et al. (summ. of taxa & adaptations; 522-537.)
	D	*	2018	Johnson & Troll (pop. acc.)

Desmostylidae Osborn, 1905 ( 9 )
	D	*	1905a	Osborn, H.F. (n.fam.)
x	D	*	1915	Hay, O.P. (name again proposed; 385.)
x	D		1928a	Khomenko, J.P. (supposed Mioc.-Quaternary evolution; 519-520.)
x	D		1932c	Simpson, G.G. (in classification; 282.)
	D		1937	VanderHoof, V.L.
x	D		1941	Kretzoi, M. (in classification; 155, pl. 6.)
x	D		1945	Simpson, G.G. (in classification; 136.)
x	D		1986	Domning et al. (history of name; 5.)
	D	*	2015	Chiba et al. (Ounalashkastylus tomidai, n.gen.n.sp., Olig.-Mioc., Alaska; cf. Vanderhoofius sp., Middle Mioc., Hokkaido; phylogeny)

Desmostyliformes Hay, 1923 ( 7 )
x	D	*	1923a	Hay, O.P. (new suborder; 109.)
x	D		1924	Hay, O.P. (diagnosis; 7-8.)
x	D		1932c	Simpson, G.G. (in classification; 282.)
x	D		1941	Kretzoi, M. (in classification; 155.)
x	D		1945	Simpson, G.G. (in classification; 136.)
x	D		1982	Kleinschmidt, A. (in classification; 378-380.)
	D	*	1994	Kinman, K.E. (ordinal name resurrected for Desmostylia; 38.)

Desmostylinae Kalandadze and Rautian, 1992 ( 1 )
	D	*	1992	Kalandadze & Rautian

Desmostyloidea Abel, 1933 ( 2 )
	D	*	1933	Abel, O. (new order; proposed as subdivision of Multituberculata; 875-876.)
x	D		1986	Domning et al. (syn. of Desmostylia; 34.)

Desmostylus brevimaxillaris (Pronina, 1957) Reinhart, 1982 ( 1 )
x	D	*	1982	Reinhart, R.H. ("D. brevimaxillare"; n.comb.; 551, 553.)

Desmostylus californicus Hay, 1923 ( 3 )
x	D	*	1923a	Hay, O.P. (n.sp.; 105-106.)
x	D		1931	Kellogg, R. (synonymy; 223-224.)
x	D		1937a	Nagao, T. (m49.)

Desmostylus cymatias Hannibal, 1922 ( 4 )
x	D	*	1922	Hannibal, H. (n.sp.; 239-240, pl. 11.)
x	D	*	1923a	Hay, O.P. (validity questioned; 105-106.)
x	D		1931	Kellogg, R. (synonymy; 222-223, 226.)
x	D		1991	Clark, J.M. (syn. of D. hesperus; m492.)

Desmostylus hesperus hesperus (Marsh, 1888) Shikama, 1966 ( 1 )
	D		1966c	Shikama, T.

Desmostylus hesperus japonicus (Tokunaga and Iwasaki, 1914) Shikama, 1966 ( 3 )
	D	1966a	Shikama, T.
	D	1966c	Shikama, T.
x	D	1982	Reinhart, R.H. (validity uncertain; 553-554.)

Desmostylus hesperus Marsh, 1888 ( 44 )
x	D	*	1888	Marsh, O.C. (n.gen.n.sp.; Alameda Co., California; 94-96.)
x	D		1902a	Osborn, H.F. (comp. w/ Japanese Desmostylus; 713-714.)
	D		1915	Aoki, R.
x	D	*	1915	Hay, O.P. (comp. w/ Japanese Desmostylus; 383-397, pls. 56-58.)
x	D		1917	Kermode, F. ("Desmostylus hesperus" [really Cornwallius]; Vancouver Is., Canada; 42-43, pl. 9.)
x	D		1922	Cornwall, I.E. (m122.)
x	D		1922	Hannibal, H. (review; 238-240, pl. 12.)
x	D		1923a	Hay, O.P. (comp. w/ other Desmostylus; 105-108.)
x	D		1924	Andrews, C.W. (dentition; 308.)
x	D		1924	Hay, O.P. (teeth, m5; skull, 7-8, pl. 1.)
x	D		1927	Pfizenmayer, E.W. (m495.)
x	D		1931	Kellogg, R. (synonymy & tooth morphology; 223-227.)
x	D		1937a	Nagao, T. (m47, 49.)
	D		1940	Woodring et al. (Mioc., California; 124.)
x	D		1950	Shotwell, J.A. (Mioc., Oregon; 1541.)
	D		1959	Reinhart, R.H.
x	D	*	1963	Mitchell & Repenning (chronologic & geographic range; 5-8, 11.)
x	D		1965	Mitchell, E.D., Jr. (Sharktooth Hill, California; iii, 3, 7, 21, 26-29, 36.)
	D		1966c	Shikama, T.
x	D		1971	Dubrovo & Sinel'nikova (Kamchatka & elsewhere; 670-673.)
	D		1976	Reinhart, R.H.
x	D		1981	Clark, J.C. (Santa Cruz, California; 27-28.)
x	D		1982	Reinhart, R.H. (new material reported; 551-554.)
x	D		1985	Fortelius, M. (tooth enamel; 57.)
x	D	*	1986	Domning et al. (comp. w/ Behemotops, 19-20; history of study, 33-37; phylogeny & affinities, 36-38, 45; paleoecology, 47-48.)
	D		1989c	Inuzuka, N.
x	D		1990	Aranda-Manteca, F.J. ("Desmostilus cf. D. hesperus"; Mioc., Baja California; 104, 111.)
x	D		1990	Ferrusquia-V., I. (Baja California; Mioc.; 15, 22-26.)
x	D		1991	Clark, J.M. (comp. w/ Paleoparadoxia weltoni; 490-497, 500-507.)
	D		1996	Inuzuka, N. (body size & mass estimates)
x	D		1997	Pauls, E.B. (microwear & diet; 69A.)
	D		2000	Uno, H. (variation in deciduous teeth; 153-158.)
x	D		2001d	Domning, D.P. (tibia; 25.)
	D		2002	Jiménez-Hidalgo et al. (Desmostylus hesperus; Middle Mioc., Baja California; 53.)
	D		2002	Yoshida & Kimura (Mioc., Akan, Hokkaido)
	D		2002	Watanabe & Kimura (Mioc., Akan, Hokkaido)
	D		2002	Kimura, M. (Mioc., Akan, Hokkaido)
	D		2002	Sato & Kimura (Mioc., Akan, Hokkaido)
			2004	Uno & Kimura (Desmostylus hesperus; Utanobori, Hokkaido, Japan)
	D		2005	Gingerich, P.D. (swimming mode)
	D	*	2009	Inuzuka, N. (Utanobori, Japan; postcranial skeleton)
	D		2009	Fujiwara, S. (Ashoroa, Desmostylus hesperus, Paleoparadoxia repenningi, P. tabatai; olecranon orientation, elbow joint angle, & forelimb posture)
x	D		2011	Koenigswald, W.v. (hypsodonty; 70, 79, 94.)
	D		2016	Santos et al. (ontogeny & senescence)

Desmostylus japonicus Tokunaga and Iwasaki, 1914 ( 33 )
x	D	v	1902	Yoshiwara & Iwasaki (Togari, Japan; original report; 1-13, pls. 1-3.)
	D	*	1914	Tokunaga & Iwasaki (n.sp.)
x	D		1924	Andrews, C.W. (dentition; m308.)
x	D		1927	Pfizenmayer, E.W. (m495.)
x	D		1931	Kellogg, R. (synonymy; 222, 225-226.)
	D		1937a	Ijiri, S.
	D		1937b	Ijiri, S.
	D		1937c	Ijiri, S.
x	D		1937a	Nagao, T. (m49.)
x	D		1937b	Nagao, T. (comp. w/ Desmostylella; 83-85.)
x	D		1937c	Nagao, T. (m113.)
	D		1938a	Ijiri, S.
	D		1938b	Ijiri, S.
	D		1939a	Ijiri, S.
	D		1939b	Ijiri, S.
x	D		1939c	Ijiri, S. (tooth structure; 135-138.)
	D		1939a	Takai, F.
	D		1944	Takai, F.
x	D		1961	Hanzawa et al. (type specimen; 355.)
x	D		1963	Mitchell & Repenning (m12.)
	D		1966a	Shikama, T.
	D		1966c	Shikama, T.
x	D		1970	Zuidema, H.P. (m22.)
x	D		1971	Dubrovo & Sinel'nikova (syn. of D. hesperus; 671-673.)
x	D	*	1972	Ikebe et al. (Japan; stratigraphic range; 44-45, 47-48, 65-66.)
x	D		1973	Shikama et al. (Japan; stratigraphic range; 138, 140-141.)
x	D		1977	Kamei & Okazaki (range Middle-Late Mioc.; 354.)
x	D		1985	Fortelius, M. (tooth enamel; 57.)
	D		1988c	Inuzuka, N. (dentition of holotype)
	D		1992	Kaneko & Inuzuka (Japan)
	D		1992	Satoh et al. (Desmostylus japonicus molar; Ibaraki City, Japan)
	D	*	2000	Kohno, N. (studies of holotype; 137-151.)
	D		2009	Sakurai, K. (Hokkaido, Japan; Mioc.)

Desmostylus Marsh, 1888 ( 116 )
x	D	v	1877	Yates, L.G. (Alameda Co., California; first published description; 78-79.)
x	D	*	1888	Marsh, O.C. (n.gen.; Alameda Co., California; 94-96.)
x	D		1891	Flower & Lydekker ("Desmotylus"; in Halicoridae; m223.)
x	D		1906	Merriam, J.C. (occurrences; 151-152.)
	D		1911	Anderson, F.M.
x	D	*	1911	Merriam, J.C. (summary of knowledge; 403-412.)
x	D	*	1915	Hay, O.P. (history of study, 381-383; described & comp. w/ sirs., 383-397.)
x	D		1916a	Matthew, W.D. (m27.)
	D		1922	Abel, O.
x	D		1922	Hannibal, H. (brief review; 238-240, pls. 11-12.)
	D		1923	Abel, O.
x	D		1923a	Hay, O.P. (review; 105-109.)
x	D		1924	Hay, O.P. (?Alaska, 1; teeth, 1-8, pl. 1.)
	D		1924	Winge, H.
x	D	v	1925	Hanna, G.D. ("sirenians"; Sharktooth Hill, California; 72.)
	D		1926	Abel, O.
x	D	v	1926	Anon. ("sea-cow"; Sharktooth Hill, California; 12.)
	D		1927	Honda, A.
	D		1927	Sone, H.
	D		1928	Anon.
x	D		1928a	Khomenko, J.P. (supposed Quaternary occurrence; 519-520.)
x	D		1929b	Simpson, G.G. (teeth; not a monotreme; 12-13.)
x	D	v	1930	Hanna, G.D. ("sea cows"; Sharktooth Hill, California; 70.)
x	D	*	1931	Kellogg, R. (review; 219-227.)
x	D		1932a	Simpson, G.G. (m422, 425, 488, 495.)
x	D		1932c	Simpson, G.G. (not a multituberculate or monotreme; m292.)
x	D		1933	Hanna, G.D. (Monterey Bay, California; 291.)
x	D		1937b	Nagao, T. (comp. w/ Desmostylella; 82-85.)
x	D		1937c	Nagao, T. (Japanese specimens; 110-113.)
	D	*	1937	VanderHoof, V.L.
x	D		1939c	Ijiri, S. (tooth structure, 135-138; affinities, 138.)
	D		1939b	Tokunaga, S. (historical note on identification of Togari Desmostylus skull; iii-v.)
x	D		1940	Camp, C.L. (Marsh's acquisition of type tooth; 645.)
x	D		1941	Kretzoi, M. (in classification [with sirs.]; 153, 155, pl. 6.)
x	D		1942a	VanderHoof, V.L. (m299, 301.)
x	D		1943	Heuvelmans, B. (comp. w/ proboscideans; m12.)
x	D		1944	Stenzel & Turner ("?Desmostylus"; supposed occurrence in Texas; 289.)
x	D		1945	Simpson, G.G. (in classification; 136, 168, 251-252.)
x	D		1951	DEREC ("Desmostylus" [really Izumi Paleoparadoxia]; Japan; discovery & collection; 414.)
x	D		1952	DEREC (Japan; further collecting at locality of Togari skull; 144.)
	D		1953	Fujii, H.
x	D		1953	Langston, W., Jr. (supposed find in California [actually of a cetacean]; pop. acc.; 8-9.)
	D		1954	Sera, G.L.
	D		1957	Pronina, I.G.
x	D	v	1958	Floyd et al. (supposed occurrence in Texas; 160-161.)
x	D		1961	Drewes et al. (m606-607.)
x	D	*	1963	Camp, C.L. (discovery & type locality; 387-389.)
x	D	*	1963	Mitchell & Repenning (chronologic & geographic range; 3-16.)
x	D		1963	Mitchell, E.D., Jr. (comp. w/ Paleoparadoxia; 192, 194, 197-198.)
x	D		1964	Mitchell, E.D., Jr. (pachyostosis; 214.)
x	D		1964	Nolan, T.B. (distr.; A137.)
x	D		1965	Mitchell & Lipps (photo of femur; 5.)
x	D		1966	Mitchell, E.D., Jr. (gen. acc.; 50, 53, 56-57, 59.)
	D		1966a	Shikama, T.
	D		1966c	Shikama, T.
	D		1967	Addicott, W.O.
x	D		1968	Romer, A.S. (m200.)
x	D		1970	Minch et al. (Baja California; 3152.)
x	D		1970a	Reinhart, R.H. (m243.)
x	D		1970	Zuidema, H.P. (pop. acc.; 22-24.)
	D		1971	Iwata & Uozumi
x	D		1972	Barnes, L.G. (Mioc., California; 140-142.)
x	D		1972a	Domning, D.P. (distr.; 146, 149.)
	D		1972	Hasegawa, U.
	D		1974	Kozawa, Y.
x	D		1975	Edinger, T. (cranial endocast; 50.)
x	D		1975	Reinhart, R.H. (synonymy of American & Japanese forms uncertain; 826.)
x	D		1976	Phillips et al. (Skooner Gulch Formation, ?Olig., California; 137-152.)
	D		1976	Scheffer, V.B.
x	D		1977	Hasegawa, Y. (artists' reconstructions; pop. acc.; 90-91.)
	D		1978	Yamaguchi, S. (Hokkaido, Japan)
x	D		1978b	Domning, D.P. (?competition w/ sirs., 113-115; Mioc., California, 150-151, 156.)
	D		1978	Kimura, Akiyama, & Kumano (Utanobori, Hokkaido, Japan)
	D		1978	Kimura, M.
	D		1978	Kimura, Sato, & Goto
	D		1978	Yamaguchi, S. (Utanobori)
	D		1979	Kimura & Takaku
x	D		1980	Parker & Toots (sodium content of tooth enamel; 205.)
	D		1981c	Inuzuka, N.
	D		1981d	Inuzuka, N.
	D		1981	Yamaguchi et al.
x	D		1982	Kleinschmidt, A. (m378-380.)
x	D		1982	Reinhart, R.H. (new material reported; 551-554.)
	D	v	1984a	Inuzuka, N. (reconstruction of skeleton & body form; 1-146.)
	D		1984	Kamei, T.
x	D		1984	Raschke, R.E. (Middle Mioc., California; m64.)
	D		1985	Sinel'nikova et al. (Kamchatka)
	D		1988d	Inuzuka, N. (body weight)
	D		1989	Bol, J. ("Dysmostylus")
x	D		1989a	Domning, D.P. (?feeding on seagrass rhizomes; m54.)
	D		1989a	Inuzuka, N.
	D		1990	Oishi et al. (Kintaichi, Japan)
	D		1990	Oliver & Long
	D		1991	Barriel & Tassy
x	D		1991	Barriel & Tassy (skull comp. w/ proboscideans; m18-19.)
	D		1992	Sakae, T. (enamel mineralogy)
x	D		1992	Thewissen & Domning (character states; 502.)
x	D		1994	Shimada & Inuzuka (Mioc., Japan; 553-558, 566-568, 572-574.)
	D		1995	Hasegawa et al. (Middle Mioc., Japan)
	D		1995	Inuzuka, N. (locomotion)
x	D		1996	Kozawa et al. (enamel structure; 354, 356-357.)
	D		1997	Inuzuka, N. (inferred footprint & trackway)
x	D		1997c	Domning, D.P. (biostratigraphic utility; m179.)
	D		1998	Kimura et al. (Akan-cho, Hokkaido, Japan)
	D		1999	Suzuki & Kozawa (tooth histology & growth)
	D		2000	Suzuki et al. (Desmostylus; crestal pit of molar cusps)
	D		2001	Sawamura, H. (Keton skeleton; vertebral formula; 27-32.)
x	D		2003	Clementz et al. (habitat & diet inferred from stable isotopes; 506-519.)
			2007	Tomida & Ohta (Desmostylus sp.; Hokkaido, Japan; Middle Mioc.)
	D		2009	Jacobs et al. (comp. w/ desmostylians from Olig.-Mioc., Alaska)
	D		2012	Fujiwara & Hutchinson (Desmostylus, Paleoparadoxia repenningi; elbow adductor moment arm & forelimb posture)
	D		2013	Hayashi et al. (bone histology & aquatic adaptation)
	D		2013	Inuzuka, N. (osteology, paleoecological restoration)
			2013	Benoit et al. (brain morphology; m3.)
	D		2016	Santos et al. (Middle Mioc., California; ontogeny & senescence)
	D	*	2017	Matsui et al. (habitat preferences)

Desmostylus minor Nagao, 1937 ( 5 )
x	D	*	1937a	Nagao, T. (n.sp.; 46-49.)
x	D		1937c	Nagao, T. (referred specimen; 110-113.)
x	D		1961	Hanzawa et al. (type specimen; 355.)
	D		1966c	Shikama, T.
x	D		1971	Dubrovo & Sinel'nikova (syn. of D. hesperus; 671-672.)

Desmostylus mirabilis Nagao, 1935 ( 15 )
	D	*	1935b	Nagao, T. (n.sp.)
x	D		1937a	Nagao, T. (comp. w/ D. minor; 47-49.)
x	D		1937b	Nagao, T. (m85.)
x	D		1937c	Nagao, T. (comp. w/ D. minor; 111-113.)
x	D		1961	Hanzawa et al. (type specimen; 355.)
	D	*	1961	Ijiri & Kamei (skull)
	D		1966a	Shikama, T.
	D		1966c	Shikama, T.
x	D		1971	Dubrovo & Sinel'nikova (syn. of D. hesperus; 671-673.)
	D	*	1980a	Inuzuka, N. (redescription)
	D	*	1980b	Inuzuka, N. (redescription)
	D	*	1981a	Inuzuka, N. (redescription)
	D	*	1981b	Inuzuka, N. (redescription)
	D	*	1982a	Inuzuka, N. (redescription)
x	D		1991	Clark, J.M. (syn. of D. hesperus; m492.)

Desmostylus sookensis Cornwall, 1922 ( 9 )
x	D	*	1922	Cornwall, I.E. (n.sp.; Late Olig., Vancouver Is., Canada; 122.)
	D		1922	Woodward, A.S.
	D		1923	Clark & Arnold
x	D	*	1923a	Hay, O.P. (referred to Cornwallius, n.gen.; 106-107.)
x	D		1924	Hay, O.P. (teeth; 3-5.)
x	D		1931	Kellogg, R. (syn. of Cornwallius sookensis; 223.)
x	D		1935	LaMotte, R.S. (associated with flora; 51-52.)
	D		1957	Pronina, I.G.
x	D		1991	Clark, J.M. (syn. of Cornwallius sookensis; m490.)

Desmostylus watasei Hay, 1915 ( 5 )
x	D	*	1915	Hay, O.P. (n.sp.; 396-397.)
x	D		1922	Cornwall, I.E. (m122.)
x	D		1922	Hannibal, H. (comp. w/ American species; 239-240.)
x	D		1931	Kellogg, R. (syn. of D. japonicus; 225.)
	D		1966c	Shikama, T.

Desmostylus wollosowitschi Pfizenmayer, 1927 ( 1 )
x	D	*	1927	Pfizenmayer, E.W. (n.sp.; New Siberian Islands, Russia; 492-496.)

Digestive System ( 85 )
(SEE ALSO: Excretion and Defecation; Food; Mastication; Parasites; Parasitology; Sense Organs)
x	*	1820b	Home, E. (DD; 316-318, pls. 26-27.)
x		1820	Raffles, T.S. (DD; 177.)
x		1821b	Home, E. (Trichechus comp. w/ DD; 391, pls. 28-29.)
x		1834	Rüppell, E. (DD; mouth & abdominal viscera; 103-106, pl. 6.)
x	*	1838a	Owen, R. (DD & other sirs.; 29-34.)
x		1847	Bischoff, T.L.W. (DD; tongue & hyoid; 3-6, pl. 1.)
x		1855a	Gervais, P. (TI; small intestine 10.25 m long; m114.)
		1857	Leydig, W.
x		1857	Rapp, W.v. (TM; tongue, tonsils, hyoid, esophagus, stomach, intestines; 88-89, 93-96, pl. 3.)
		1861	Möbius, K. (TMM; rostral pads)
x	*	1872a	Murie, J. (TMM; 164-175.)
x		1876	Chapman, H.C. (TMM; 456-457, 460-461.)
x		1886	Waldeyer, W. (Trichechus; pharynx; 245-246, 248.)
x		1890	Pilliet, A.H. (Trichechus; stomach; 450-453.)
x	*	1892	Waldeyer, W. (Trichechus; stomach & intestine; histology; 79-85.)
		1895	Pilliet & Boulart
		1896	Murie, J. (stomach)
		1896	Murie, J. (stomach)
x	*	1897	Beddard, F.E. (TI, TM; 47-50.)
x	*	1899	Steller, G.W. (HG; 185-187, 190-192, 194.)
x		1905	Mitchell, P.C. (TI; intestine; 464-465, 516, 523, 525, 530, 533.)
	*	1908a	Gudernatsch, J.F.
	*	1909	Gudernatsch, J.F.
x		1919	Anon. (TI; "two distinct stomachs"; 46.)
x		1922	Sonntag, C.F. (sir. tongues; 646-647, 654-655.)
x		1923	Kostanecki, K. (TI; cecum; 273-276.)
		1940	Thomson, S.C.
x		1948	Bessac & Villiers (TS; believed to have an abdominal sac containing swallowed pebbles; 189.)
x		1953	Clark, E. (DD; Red Sea; m224, 1 pl.)
x		1953	Quiring & Harlan (TM; abdominal viscera; 194, 202.)
x		1954	Crusz & Fernand (DD; parasites; 499-507.)
		1956	Meinertz, T. (DD; stomach)
x		1957	Gohar, H.A.F. (DD; anus, 10; rostral pads & palate, 14, 16-23; tongue, 24-29.)
x		1959	Jones, S. (DD; India; stomach & contents; 200.)
x		1968a	Bertram & Bertram (DD; 388-389, 393.)
x	*	1968	Lemire, M. (TS, DD; 475-520, pls. 25-28.)
x		1969	Caldwell et al. (DD; gall bladder, liver, & bile; 437-441.)
		1971	Bradley, R.M. (tongue)
x	*	1972	Kenchington, R.A. (DD; stomach & intestine; 884-887.)
		1972	Ota, Y.
x		1975	Spain & Heinsohn (DD; intestine; allometry; 162-163, 165-166.)
x		1976	Allen et al. (DD; gastrointestinal tract; 43-44, 46.)
		1976	Eisentraut, M. (palatal ridges)
x		1976	Lipkin, Y. (DD; Red Sea; digestive tract contents; 86-88, 94, 96.)
x	*	1977	Marsh et al. (DD; stomach & duodenum; 271-295.)
x	*	1977	Murray et al. (DD; hindgut & digestion; 7-10.)
		1978	Hintz et al.
x		1978	Marsh et al. (DD; composition of intestinal gas, 162; review of digestive physiology, 162-163.)
		1980	Yamasaki et al. (tongue)
x		1981	Best, R.C. (review of sir. digestive anatomy & physiology; 4-6, 11, 17-18, 21, 23-24.)
x		1981	Elliott et al. (DD; intestine & kidney; salmonellosis; 203-206.)
x		1981	Murray, R.M. (DD; volatile fatty acids in digestion; 166.)
x		1981	Odell et al. (TM; liver & pancreas weights; 54-56, 58-60, 63.)
		1981d	Reynolds, J.E., III (TM)
x		1981	Yamasaki et al. (DD; tongue; 182-191.)
x	*	1982	Reynolds & Krause (TM; duodenum; 33-40.)
		1984	Eisentraut, M.
x		1984	Lomolino & Ewel (TM; digestive efficiencies; 176-179.)
x		1984	Marsh & Eisentraut (DD; palatal ridges; 314-315.)
x	*	1984	Snipes, R.L. (TM; cecum; 67-78.)
x	*	1986	Burn, D.M. (TM; digestion & digestive efficiency; 139-142.)
		1986	Kalashnikova & Kazanskaya (TM; liver cells)
		1986	Naumova, E.I. (TM)
x		1987	Colares & Ferreira (TI; intestine blocked by polyp; 39.)
x		1988	Kuroki et al. (TML; gallbladder bile salts; 509-522.)
	*	1988	Langer, P. (stomach)
x		1991	Chow, B.A. (TM; pop. acc.; 36.)
		1995	Lanyon & Marsh (DD; digesta passage times; 119-127.)
x	*	1996	Reynolds & Rommel (TML; gastrointestinal tract; 539-558.)
		2001	Langer, P.
	*	2001	Aketa & Kawamura (digestive functions in sirs.; review)
		2001	Aketa et al. (DD in capt.; digestibility of Zostera marina; 23-34.)
		2001	Langer, P.
		2002	Levin & Pfeiffer (TML; tongue)
		2003	Rommel et al.
		2004b	Goto et al. (DD; fermentation & digestibility of fiber)
		2006a	Lanyon & Sanson (DD; degenerate dentition & tooth wear)
		2006b	Lanyon & Sanson (DD; mastication)
		2007	Larkin et al. (TML; digesta passage rates)
		2008	Tsukinowa et al. (DD; in capt., Toba, Japan; fecal microbiota)
		2011	Gillespie et al. (DD; small intestinal volvulus)
		2013	Barbosa et al. (TI, in capt.; passage time of digesta)
		2014	Navarro-M. et al. (TM; Cuba; diet & digestive tract)
		2019	Suzuki et al. (in capt., Okinawa; fecal microbiota; comp. w/ TML.)
		2019	Harshaw et al. (TML; apparent digestibility of fiber)

Diopia Rafinesque, 1815 ( 1 )
x		*	1815	Rafinesque, C.S. (n.fam.; 60.)

Dioplotherium allisoni (Kilmer, 1965) Domning, 1978 ( 17 )
x	*	1978b	Domning, D.P. (n.comb.; Mioc., California & Baja California; 2, 4-12, 14, 16, 74, 101-104, 107-108, 113-114, 116-118, 120, 125, 140, 143-144, 146-147, 150.)
x		1980	Haley, D. (pop. acc.; 7.)
x		1982b	Domning, D.P. (incipient root hypsodonty; 614.)
x		1984	Raschke, R.E. (Middle Mioc., California; m64.)
x		1986	Domning & Ray (comp. w/ Oregon halitheriine; 272-273.)
x		1987a	Domning, D.P. (pop. acc.; 66, 69-70.)
x		1989c	Domning, D.P. (comp. w/ Dioplotherium manigaulti; 417-418, 423-426.)
x		1989d	Domning, D.P. (comp. w/ Xenosiren yucateca; 435.)
x		1989	Toledo, P.M. de (comp. w/ "Sirenotherium pirabense"; 9.)
x		1990	MacPhee & Wyss (comp. w/ Metaxytherium cf. calvertense; 25.)
x	*	1991	Toledo & Domning (D. cf. allisoni; Early Mioc., Brazil; 120-130, 133-141, 143-145.)
x		1996	Cozzuol, M.A. (review; 325-327.)
x		1997	Bajpai & Domning (comp. w/ Bharatisiren kachchhensis; 221, 224, 226.)
x		1997b	Domning, D.P. (comp. w/ other dugongines in cladistic analysis; 409-410.)
x		2006	Pledge, N.S. (comp. w/ "Dugonginae incertae sedis", Early Plioc., South Australia; 296, 298-299, 301-302.)
		2019	Vélez-Juarbe & Wood (comp. w/Culebratherium alemani)
		2021	Kerber & Moraes-Santos (Dioplotherium cf. allisoni; endocranial morphology; encephalization)

Dioplotherium Cope, 1883 ( 15 )
x	*	1883a	Cope, E.D. (n.gen.; 52-54.)
x		1891	Flower & Lydekker (considered incertae sedis; 223.)
x		1941	Kretzoi, M. (in classification; 154-155.)
x		1945	Simpson, G.G. (in classification; 135.)
x		1974	Domning, D.P. (m8.)
x		1982	Domning, Morgan & Ray (m62.)
x		1988	Estes & Steinberg (?feeding on North Pacific seagrasses; 21.)
x		1989	Toledo, P.M. de (comp. w/ "Sirenotherium"; 8-9.)
x		1990a	Domning, D.P. (rhizivory experiments with model tusks; 35-36.)
x		1990b	Domning, D.P. (comp. w/ Corystosiren varguezi; 362, 369.)
x		1997c	Domning, D.P. (biostratigraphic utility; m179.)
		2000	Cione et al. (Middle Mioc., Argentina)
		2011	Cione et al. (South America, Mioc.)
		2012	Veléz-J. et al. (Dioplotherium sp.; Late Mioc., Argentina)
		2019	Vélez-Juarbe & Wood (comp. w/Culebratherium alemani)

Dioplotherium manigaulti Cope, 1883 ( 19 )
x		*	1883a	Cope, E.D. (n.gen.n.sp.; South Carolina; 52-54.)
x			1883b	Cope, E.D. (abstract of 1883a; 309.)
x			1885a	Woodward, H. ("Diplotherium"; m470.)
x	v		1886	Manigault, G.E. (discovery of type specimen; 91-92.)
x			1923a	Allen, G.M. ("Diplotherium"; 231-232.)
x		*	1925	Kellogg, R. (referred to Metaxytherium; 59.)
x		*	1926	Allen, G.M. (review; 458-459, pls. 2-3.)
x			1932a	Simpson, G.G. (referred to Metaxytherium; 421, 445.)
x		*	1966	Kellogg, R. (m78; review, 91-92.)
x			1978b	Domning, D.P. (comp. w/ D. allisoni; 5, 11.)
x			1989b	Domning, D.P. (Mioc., Suwannee R., Florida; 55-56, 59.)
x		*	1989c	Domning, D.P. (revision; 415-428.)
x			1989d	Domning, D.P. (comp. w/ Xenosiren yucateca; 429-431, 434-436.)
x			1989	Morgan, G.S. (Mioc., Suwannee R., Florida; 29, 32, 39, 43, 46.)
x			1991	Toledo & Domning (comp. w/ Dioplotherium cf. allisoni; 122-130.)
x			1992	Hulbert, R.C., Jr. (Florida; in checklist; 29.)
x			1997	Bajpai & Domning (comp. w/ Bharatisiren kachchhensis; 221-226.)
x			1997b	Domning, D.P. (comp. w/ Crenatosiren olseni; 397-398, 400, 403-404, 409-411.)
			2012	Vélez-Juarbe et al.

Diving: Diving: SEE Respiration and Diving ( 0 )

Dominican Republic ( 11 )
x	1929	Miller, G.S., Jr. (TMM; archeological sites; 11-12.)
x	1942	Morison, S.E. (TMM; Azua; caught by Columbus in 1502; 592.)
	1978	Belitsky & Belitsky (TM; distr. & abundance)
x	1980	Belitsky & Belitsky (TMM; 313-319.)
x	1989	Lefebvre et al. (TMM; distr., status, & biogeography; 574-575, 601.)
x	1994	Marsh & Lefebvre (TMM; conservation; 157.)
	1994	Mattila et al.
	1999	Mignucci, Williams et al. (TMM; helminths)
x	2001	Iturralde-V., M.A. (?Metaxytherium; Mioc.; Sierra del Agua; m8.)
	2012	Self-Sullivan & Mignucci-Giannoni (TM; status & conservation)
	2019	Domínguez-Tejo (TMM; history & conservation status)

Domningia sodhae Thewissen & Bajpai, 2009 ( 2 )
	*	2009	Thewissen & Bajpai (n.gen.n.sp.; Early Mioc., Kutch, India)
		2012	Vélez-Juarbe et al.

Domningia Thewissen & Bajpai, 2009 ( 1 )
		*	2009	Thewissen & Bajpai (n.gen.; Early Mioc., Kutch, India)

Dugong australis (Retzius, 1794) [author of combination not identified] ( 13 )
x		1917	Fairchild, D. (m339.)
		1923	Mohr, E.
		1934	Frechkop, S.
x		1941c	Heuvelmans, B. (dentition; 11, 13, pl. 1.)
x		1941	Johnston & Mawson (Australia; nematode Dujardinia; 432.)
x		1943	Heuvelmans, B. (dentition; 9.)
x		1946	Slijper, E.J. (spinal column & muscles; 47, 52, 73, 75-78, 112, 114; tabs. 1, 3, 5, 6.)
x	*	1955	MacMillan, L. (Australia; 17-20.)
x		1963	Berzin et al. ("D. australe"; m73.)
x		1963	Pfeffer, P. (m149.)
x		1971	Ginsburg & Janvier (comp. w/ Metaxytherium medium; 186, 188.)
x		1975	Martin, J.H.D. (Moreton Bay & Stradbroke Is., Queensland; 74.)
x		1982	Domning, Rice et al. (syn. of D. dugon; m305.)

Dugong dugon (Müller, 1776) Palmer, 1895 ( 863 )
	v		1627	Sandoval, A. de (DD?)
x	v		1773	Müller, P.L.S. ("Trichecus manatus"; gen. acc.; 174-175.)
			1792	SEE Aragón, F., 1951.
x	v		1798	Collins, D. (south of Botany Bay, New South Wales; 1:409.)
x	v	*	1809a	Cuvier, G. (history of study, 273-278, 300; names, 278-280; as "mermaids", 280-281; Buffon's "lamantin", 293; Pennant's, 299; comp. w/ Trichechus, 300-302, pl. 19; confused with hippopotamus, 302; comp. w/ fossil sir., m306.)
x	v		1814	Santos, J. dos (Mozambique; 700-701.)
			1814	Flinders, M. (Moreton Bay, Australia)
x	v		1820a	Home, E. (tusks, 146-149, 153, pls. 12-14; ear region, 149-153; lower incisors, 153-154, pl. 14.)
x	v		1820b	Home, E. (teeth, 315-316; viscera, 316-321, pls. 26-30; eye, 321; skeleton, 321-322, pl. 31; external morphology, pl. 25.)
x	v		1820	Raffles, T.S. (gen. acc.; 174-182.)
x	v		1821a	Home, E. (Sumatra; skeleton; 268-270, pl. 20.)
x	v		1821b	Home, E. (comp. w/ Trichechus; 390-391.)
x		v	1827	King, Phillip P. ("dugon"; Shark Bay, Australia; m183.)
x			1830	Davies, J. H. ("Mombass" [=Mombasa, East Africa?]: 188.)
x	v		1833	Robison, J. (preserved specimen from India; 100-101.)
x	v		1838b	Kaup, J.J. (tooth formula comp. w/ Halitherium; 536.)
x	v	*	1838a	Owen, R. (anatomy of viscera & skeleton; 28-45.)
x	v		1839a	Owen, R. (teeth comp. w/ Basilosaurus; 35.)
			1845	Brumund, J.F.G. (Aru Islands)
x	v		1847	Bischoff, T.L.W. (skeleton, 2-3; throat & hyoid, 3-6, pl. 1.)
x	v		1847	Brandt, J.F. (comp. w/ HG; 47-48.)
x	v		1859	Baird, W. (Red Sea; nematode Ascaris halichoris; 148-149.)
x	v		1860	McGrigor-Croft, J. (medicinal uses of oil; 7166-7169.)
x	v		1860	Nordmann, A.v. (comp. w/ Manatus maeoticus; 331, 333.)
x	v		1866	Lartet, E. (comp. w/ Rytiodus, 679-682, pl. 13; comp. w/ indeterminate sir., m683.)
			1867	Rosenberg, C.B.H.v (Aru Islands)
x	v		1867	Peters, K.F. (comp. w/ Halitherium Cordieri; 311-313.)
x	v	*	1870	Adams, A. (?dugong skull found in Sakhalin; 198.)
			1875	Moresby, J. (Torres Strait; captures in 1873)
	v		1875	Anon.
x	v	*	1877	Megasthenes (Ceylon; early 3rd century B.C.E.; 55.)
x	v		1880	Delfortrie, E. (comp. w/ Rytiodus; 135-139, 141.)
x	v		1884	De Vis, C.W. (comp. w/ Chronozoon; 394.)
x	v		1885a	Woodward, H. (ear ossicles; 462.)
x	v		1890	Pilliet, A.H. (stomach; m452.)
			1890	Haddon, A.C. (Torres Strait; scarification with dugong totems)
	v		1893	Anon. (pop. acc.)
x	v		1893	Howes & Harrison (Australia; skeleton & teeth; 790.)
x		*	1895	Palmer, T.S. (n.comb.; 450.)
			1896	Langkavel, R.
x	v		1897	Beddard, F.E. (kidney, m51; heart, m52.)
x	v		1897	Loyau, G.E. (Queensland; origins of fishery; 365.)
x	v		1899	Hunt, A.E. (Torres Strait; used as food; m13.)
x			1899	Stiles & Hassall (nematode Ascaris halicoris; 108, 147-151, 169.)
x	v		1901	Anon. (Torres Strait; hunting; 21238-21239.)
x	v		1904	Liverseege, J.F. (analysis of oil; 211-214.)
x	v	*	1906b	Dexler & Freund (behavior, senses, locomotion, etc.; 49-72.)
x	v	*	1906c	Dexler & Freund (external morphology; 567-581.)
			1907	Le Souëf, W.H.D. (Australia)
x	v		1908	Anderson, R.J. (parietal bone; 547.)
x	v		1909	Anon. (Australia; econ. uses & hunting; 93.)
x	v		1912	Harris, W.K. (Australia; hunting, econ. & medicinal uses; 226-228.)
x			1915	Seale, A. ("D. dugong"; Philippines; 215-217, 1 pl.)
x			1917	Fairchild, D. (m339, 344.)
	v		1917	Marius (pop. acc.)
x	v		1919	Jay, D. (Australia; harpooning; 40-41.)
x			1923a	Allen, G.M. ("D. dugong"; comp. w/ Metaxytherium floridanum; 233-235.)
x	v		1923	Jackson, E.S. (Australia; medicinal use of oil by Dr. Wm. Hobbs; m282.)
x	v	*	1923a	Petit, G. (Madagascar; ethnography; 75-83.)
x	v		1923	Watson, E. (oil used in China; 103.)
x	v		1925	Lee, I. (Australia; early accounts; 19-21, 482, 520, 523.)
x	v		1927b	Petit, G. (Madagascar; hunting rituals; 246-250.)
x	v		1929	Prater, S.H. (Andaman Islands; carrying young; 987.)
	v		1930	Anon. (pop. acc.)
			1933	Oshima, H. (Japan; hunting)
x	v		1933b	Dollman, G. (Mafia Is., Tanganyika; 16-17.)
			1933	Hirasaka, K.
x	v		1933b	Mortensen, T. (Rodriguez; former occurrence; 23-26.)
x	v		1934b	Mortensen, T. (Rodriguez; former occurrence; 71-72, 76.)
x			1935	Allen, G.M. ("D. dugong"; China; 79-81.)
x			1935	Barrett, O.W. (East Africa; 219-220.)
x	v		1935	Sowerby, A. de C. (China; 81-82.)
x	v		1936	Moore, W.R. (Australia; m746.)
x	v		1936	Sowerby, A. de C. (China; 41-42.)
x	v		1937	Sunter, G.H. (Northern Territory, Australia; harpooning; dugong killing crocodile; 53-61.)
x	v		1938	Wood, T. (Buccaneer Archipelago, Australia; m46, m53.)
x	v		1939	Lyman, C.P. (vestigial lower incisor; 229-231.)
x			1940	Pocock, R.I. (variation in tusks, teeth, skulls, & scapulae; 329-345.)
x	v		1947	Johnson, I. (seen in southwestern Pacific, locality unstated; 130, 143-144.)
x	v		1949	Jervis, J. (Queensland; oil industry; 340.)
x	v		1949	Loveless, J.R. (Queensland; netted for oil; 8.)
xv			1949	Negus, V. E. (larynx; m77.)
x	v		1950	Mohr, E. (skin, m183-184; illustration of skull, 183.)
x	v		1951b	Burton, M. (pop. acc.; 588.)
x			1951	Crusz, H. (Sri Lanka; trematode Indosolenorchis hirudinaceus; 135.)
x			1951	Fernand, V.S.V. ("D. Dugung"; pituitary & adrenal histology; 57-62, pls. 1-2.)
x			1951	Herklots, G.A.C. (Hong Kong; 93.)
x	v		1953	Clark, E. (Red Sea; 175-176, 212, 224-225, 3 pls.)
x	v		1953	Fernand, V.S.V. (dentition; 139-147, pls. 28-30.)
x			1954	Crusz & Fernand ("D. dugong"; Sri Lanka; trematodes; 499-507, 2 pls.)
			1954	Tweedie & Harrison (Malaysia)
x	v		1955a	Anon. (Palau; in capt., San Francisco; 79.)
x	v		1955b	Anon. (Palau; in capt., San Francisco; 73-74.)
x	v		1956a	Anon. (Palau; in capt., San Francisco; 49.)
x			1956	Harry, R.R. (Palau; in capt., San Francisco; 21-27.)
x			1956	Simpson, D.A. (in capt., San Francisco; pop. acc.; 54, 57, 74.)
x			1957	Bayer & Harry-Rofen (Palau; 502, pl. 20.)
x			1957	Gohar, H.A.F. ("D. dugong"; comp. w/ Red Sea "subspecies"; 37-40, 48.)
x	v		1958	Anon. (Kenya; photos; 693, 792.)
x	v		1958	Leakey, L.S.B. (East Africa; natural history; 19-20.)
x	v		1958	Savory, B. (East Africa; 255-258.)
x		*	1959	Jones, J. ("D. dugong"; India; in capt.; 198-202.)
x	v		1959	Spittel, R.L. (Sri Lanka; captures; 174-175.)
			1959	Thesiger, W. (Arabia)
x			1960	Crusz, H. ("D. dugong"; pop. acc.; 300-302.)
x	v		1960	Norris, C.E. (Sri Lanka; distr. & captures; 296-300.)
x	v		1960	Spittel, R.L. (Sri Lanka; sanctuary; 304-305.)
x	v		1960	Williams, J.H. (Persian Gulf & North Andaman Is.; 9-12.)
x			1961	Dill, W.A. (m2.)
x			1961	Jonklaas, R. ("D. dugong"; Sri Lanka; in capt.; 1-8.)
x	v		1961	Moore, J.C. (pop. acc.; 54-55.)
x			1961	Santapau & Abdulali (Bombay; corrects erroneous record; 796.)
x			1961	Silas, E.G. (India; 263-266.)
x			1962	Marlow, B.J. (New South Wales; 433.)
x	v		1962	Sarkar & Mitra (hide & hair; 93-94, 1 pl.)
x			1962	Tranngocloi, N. ("D. dugong"; Vietnam; 451-452, pl. 12.)
			1963	Bertram, G.C.L. (gen. acc.)
x			1963	Lal Mohan, R.S. (India; 152.)
x			1963	Pfeffer, P. ("D. dugong"; Indonesia; 149-151.)
x	v		1963	Tenney & Remmers (quantitative lung morphology; 54-55.)
			1964	Harrison & Tomlinson
x			1964	Johnson, D.H. (Arnhem Land, Australia; skull measurements; 506-508.)
			1964	Weiss, F.
x	v		1965	Harrisson, T. (Borneo, Sabah; status; 103.)
x	v		1966a	Anon. (Kenya; netting; pop. acc.; 46-49.)
x	v		1966a	Bertram & Bertram (Australasia; status; 938-939.)
x	v		1966b	Bertram & Bertram (gen. acc.; 211-217.)
x			1966c	Bertram & Bertram (Australia; 221-222.)
x	v		1966d	Bertram & Bertram (pop. acc.; 180-184.)
x			1966	Funaioli & Simonetta (Somali Republic; status; 317.)
			1966	Harrison, J.L. (Singapore)
x		*	1966	Jarman, P.J. (Kenya; natural history & status; 82-88.)
			1966	Jones, S.
x			1966a	Kaiser, H.E. (body cavity arrangement & hydrostasis; 60, 64-65, 69.)
x			1966	Kellogg, R. (comp. w/ Metaxytherium calvertense; 75, 77, 82, 84, 86-88.)
x	v		1966	Little, E.C.S. (Australia; proposed use in weed control; 86.)
			1966	Serventy, V.
x			1967	Aung, S.H. (Burma; 221.)
x			1967	Browder, J. (m5.)
x		*	1967a	Jones, S. (India; 215-220.)
x			1967	Kenny, R. ("D. dugong"; breathing pattern; 372-373.)
			1967	Nishiwaki, M.
x			1967	Oke, V.R. (Queensland; in capt.; 220-221.)
			1968	Banfield, E.J. (Australia)
x			1968a	Bertram & Bertram (ecology & econ. use; 386, 388-390, 393-394.)
			1968	Blackburn & Andres
x			1968	Keith, K. (Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia; 20.)
x	v		1968	Lack, C. (Queensland; history of oil industry; 4-6.)
x			1968	Lemire, M. ("D. dugong"; stomach; 476-479, 485-486, 495, 497-498, 505, 513-515.)
			1968	Ray, G.C. (Tanzania)
x			1968	Rice & Scheffer (distr.; 5.)
x	v		1969	Anon. (Australia; hunting banned; 90.)
			1969	Arbocco, G.
x			1969	Bibby, G. (Abu Dhabi; use for food; 224, 303-304, 306.)
x			1969	Caldwell et al. (gall bladder, liver, & bile; 437-441.)
x			1969	Curry-Lindahl, K. (protected under African Conservation Convention; 122.)
x			1969a	Deraniyagala, P.E.P. (comp. w/ Miodugong; 97.)
			1969	Fisher et al.
x	v		1969	Frye & Herald (in capt., San Francisco; osteomyelitis; 1076.)
x	v		1969	Herald, E.S. (from Palau; in capt., San Francisco; 29-30.)
x		*	1969	Robineau, D. ("D. dugong"; temporal & ear region, 3-31; intraspecific variation, 6.)
x	v		1970a	Bertram & Bertram (Sri Lanka; conservation; 53-55.)
x			1970b	Bertram & Bertram (Sri Lanka; 362-364.)
x			1970	Howes & Bamber (Kenya & Sri Lanka; 327.)
x			1970	Scheffer, V.B. (tusk growth; 187-190.)
x			1970	Yin, T. (Burma; 326-327.)
			1971	Ohama, N. (Japan; hunting with nets)
x	v		1971	Almeida, A. de (Timor; legends; 209, 211-212, 220.)
x	v		1971	Bertram & Bertram (Australia; pop. acc.; 146-147.)
x			1971	Fleischer, G. (functional anatomy of ear; 351-353, 355-359.)
x			1971	Hellwing & Steinitz (Gulf of Aqaba; 11-12.)
x	v		1971	Hoffmann, T.W. (Sri Lanka; protective legislation; m182.)
x			1971	Hughes & Oxley-Oxland (Mozambique; status; 299-301.)
x			1971	Jones, M.L. (in capt.; 85.)
x		*	1971	Kingdon, J. (East Africa; natural history; 388-399, 431-432.)
			1971	McCue, J.
x			1971	Sharma & Gupta ("D. dugong"; India; trematode Paracochleotrema indicum; 285.)
x		*	1972	Heinsohn & Birch ("D. dugong"; Australia; food; 414-422.)
x		*	1972	Heinsohn, G.E. ("D. dugong"; Australia; natural history; 205-212.)
x			1972	Kenchington, R.A. (digestive system; 884-887.)
x	v		1972	Lawrie, M.E. (Torres Strait; folktales; 3-6, 22-28.)
x			1972	Por, F.D. (Gulf of Aqaba; 12-13.)
x		*	1972	Stoddart, D.R. (former distr., western Indian Ocean; 207-215.)
x	v		1972	Walker, K. (Queensland; netting & eating; 71, 73-74.)
x		*	1973	Bertram & Bertram (distr. & status, 299-316; econ. use, 321-324; hunting & capture, 325-328, pl. 1; conservation, 330-332, 336; dugongs caught at Numbulwar, Australia, 333-335.)
x	v		1973	Cantley, R. (Australia; status & conservation; 34-35, 52.)
			1973	Gruchet, H. (Mozambique Channel)
x		*	1973	Mitchell, J. (age determination, 1-23; sexual dimorphism, 14, 16-21.)
x			1973	Sonoda & Takemura (in capt., Japan; 2 photos; 20.)
x			1973	Spain & Heinsohn (Australia; cyclone & feeding changes; 678-680.)
x			1974	Bertram, G.C.L. (conservation; 7, 15-19.)
x			1974	Fondi & Pacini (incus, comp. w/ Metaxytherium forestii; pl. 45.)
x		*	1974	Heinsohn & Spain (Queensland; netting; sex & age ratios; effects of cyclone; 143-152.)
x		*	1974	James, P.S.B.R. (India; osteological variation; 173-184.)
			1974a	MacVeigh, W.P.
x			1974b	Macveigh, W.P. (color & possible confusion with Neomeris; 117.)
x			1974	Spain & Heinsohn (Australia; cranial & mandibular allometry; 249-257.)
x			1975a	Husar, S.L. (pop. acc.; 15-18.)
x	v		1975	Kirkman, H. (Tin Can Bay, Queensland; m131.)
		*	1975	Nair et al. (India)
x		*	1975	Spain & Heinsohn (Queensland; size & weight allometry; 159-167.)
x		*	1976	Allen et al. (Sulawesi; in capt.; general biology; 33-48.)
x			1976b	Anon. (pop. acc.; 62-63.)
			1976e	Anon. (Australia)
			1976	Berhanu, A. (Red Sea)
x			1976	Campbell, H.W. ("D. dugong"; gen. acc.; 1-2, 7-8.)
			1976	Carp, E. (United Arab Emirates)
x			1976	Gallagher, M.D. (Bahrain; 211.)
x			1976	Heinsohn & Wake (Fraser Is., Queensland; habitat; 15-18.)
x			1976	Heinsohn, Marsh & Spain (Queensland; netting technique; 117-121.)
x			1976	Heinsohn, Spain & Anderson (Queensland; aerial surveys; 21-23.)
			1976	Hojo, T. (Okinawa; at archaeological site)
x			1976	Ligon, S.H. (Queensland; aerial survey; 580-582.)
x		*	1976	Lipkin, Y. (Red Sea; stomach contents & feeding; 81-96.)
x			1976	Mitchell, J. (age determination by tusk growth layers; 25-28.)
			1976	Moore & Balzarotti (Red Sea)
			1976	Ormond, R.F.G. (Red Sea)
			1976	Reinhart, R.H. (incisor anomalies)
x	v		1976	Roaf, M. (Bahrain; archeol. site; 144, 149-151.)
x			1976	Spain et al. (Australia; cranial variation; 491-497.)
x			1976	Tas'an (Indonesia; capture & captive history; 1-12.)
x			1976	Tinley et al. (Mozambique; in wildlife reserves; 346, 348, 350.)
x			1976	Whitaker, Z. (India; hunting, econ. use; 6.)
x	v		1977a	Anon. (South India; meat sold; 439.)
			1977e	Anon.
x	v		1977	Bertram, G.C.L. (Abu Dhabi; exploitation; 4.)
x			1977	Blair, D. (Australia; parasitic flukes; 64.)
x		*	1977a	Domning, D.P. (myology; 1-57.)
x	v		1977	Harris & Bertram (Abu Dhabi; exploitation; 5-6.)
x			1977	Heinsohn & Marsh (Australia; pop. acc.; 106-111.)
x			1977	Heinsohn et al. (role in seagrass system; 235-248.)
x	v		1977b	Heinsohn, G.E. (pop. acc.; 1-5.)
x	v		1977	Hooijer, D.A. (comp. w/ Metaxytherium cf. medium; 4-5.)
x			1977	Jueco, N.L. (Philippines; nematode Paradujardinia halicoris; 257-262.)
x			1977	Ligon & Hudson (Papua New Guinea; aerial survey; 1-5.)
x		*	1977	Marsh et al. (stomach & duodenum; 271-295.)
x			1977	Murray et al. (Australia; digestion in hindgut; 7-10.)
x			1977	Nair & Lal Mohan (India; in capt.; sound recordings; 277-278.)
x	v		1977	Nietschmann, B. (Torres Strait; feeding, tides; 10-12, 14.)
			1977	Nishiwaki, M.
x			1977	Van Bree & Duguy (Indochina & New Caledonia; 290-291.)
x			1977	Whitmore & Gard (comp. w/ HG; 11, 13, 16.)
			1977?	Hussainy, H.S.H. (India)
x	v		1978	Abdulali, H. (Great Nicobar Is.; 749.)
x		*	1978	Anderson & Birtles (Queensland; behavior & ecology; 1-23.)
x			1978	Anderson & Heinsohn (Australia; status survey; 13-26.)
			1978	Asano et al. (in capt., Toba, Japan)
			1978	Bhaskar, S. (Gulf of Kutch, India)
x			1978a	Domning, D.P. (myology, comp. w/ TI; 8-56, 66-71.)
x			1978c	Domning, D.P. (phyletic position & occurrence in Africa; 573-574, 576, 578-579.)
x			1978	Heinsohn et al. (Brisbane, Australia; 91-92.)
x			1978a	Heinsohn, G.E. (conservation; pop. acc.; 29-30.)
		*	1978a	Husar, S.L. (review)
x			1978	Kasuya & Nishiwaki (age determination by tusk growth layers; 301-310, 4 pls.)
x		*	1978	Marsh et al. (review of anatomy & physiology; 159-168.)
x	v		1978	Marshall, A.J. (Australia; Aboriginal story; 80-84.)
x			1978	McCabe et al. (oxygen affinity of hemoglobin; 19-22.)
x		*	1978	Mitchell, J. (age determination by tusk growth layers; 317-348.)
			1978	Ormond, R.F.G. (Red Sea)
x			1978	Stanbury, P.J. (Australia; accounts by Dampier & Portlock; 18-19.)
x	v		1978	Taylor, D. (Sumatra; tears used as aphrodisiac; 205-213.)
			1979	Kamiya, Uchida, et al.
x		*	1979	Anderson, P.K. (review of behavior; 113-144.)
x			1979	Blair, D. (Australia; trematode Labicola elongata; 519-526.)
x			1979	Budiarso et al. (Sulawesi; nasal parasites; 568.)
x			1979	Caton, A. (Australia; pop. acc.; 1-4.)
	v		1979a	Cropp, B. (Australia; pop. acc.)
x			1979a	Farmer et al. (blood chemistry, comp. w/ TI; 231.)
x			1979	Hartman, D.S. (behavior & ecology, comp. w/ TM; 32, 49, 57-59, 62, 67, 69, 75, 82, 85-86, 111-112, 121-124, 132, 136, 138.)
x	v		1979	Hilmy et al. (Red Sea; hematology; 197-203.)
x			1979	Hoch, E. (United Arab Emirates; archeological site; 591, 597-601, 604, 606, 634.)
x			1979	Kamiya et al. (organ weights; 129-132, pls. 1-4.)
x			1979	Miyazaki et al. (Sulawesi; metals & organochlorines in tissues; 125-128.)
x			1979	Nishiwaki et al. (distr.; 133-141.)
x	v		1979	Pedley, I. (Queensland; oil industry; 231.)
x			1979	Tas'an et al. (Indonesia; capture, transport, captive maintenance, morphometrics, necropsy data; 1-30.)
x	v		1979	Zhang, Z.-m. (China; pop. acc.; 33-36.)
		v	1979c	Cropp, B. (Australia; hunting by Bardi Aborigines)
x	v		1980	Bertram, G.C.L. (research & conservation; gen. acc.; 219-221.)
x			1980	Blair, D. (Indopacific region; trematode Indosolenorchis hirudinaceus; 511-513.)
x			1980	Bullock et al. (sound production & hearing, comp. w/ TI; 130, 132.)
			1980	Carrier & Carrier (Papua New Guinea)
	v		1980	Caton, A. (Australia; pop. acc.)
x			1980	Denton et al. (Queensland; heavy metals in tissues; 201-219.)
x		*	1980a	Hudson, B.E.T. (Papua New Guinea; conservation; 1-102.)
x			1980	Inuzuka et al. (comp. w/ Mioc. tooth from Japan; 640-641.)
x			1980	Kataoka & Asano (in capt., Toba, Japan; 269-270.)
x			1980	Lal Mohan, R.S. (India; seasonal occurrence, sex ratio; 391-397.)
x		*	1980	Marsh, H. (Australia; age determination; 181-201.)
			1980	Olewale & Sedu (Papua New Guinea)
x			1980	Sander, H.E. (Papua New Guinea; feeding habitats; 1-31.)
x			1981	Strahan, R. (Malay and Latin names; 33.)
x		*	1981a	Anderson, P.K. (behavior & conservation; 640-647.)
x			1981b	Anderson, P.K. (Australia; behavior; 91-111.)
x			1981	Bertram, G.C.L. (past abundance & prospects; 1-7.)
x			1981	Best, R.C. (diet & nutrition; 3-6, 13-15, 21-24.)
x			1981a	Blair, D. (Australia; parasitic flukes; 1-54.)
x			1981b	Blair, D. (parasites; gen. acc.; 46.)
x			1981c	Blair, D. (techniques for parasite collection; 275-285.)
x			1981	Brownell, Anderson et al. (Palau; status; 19-42.)
x			1981	Campbell & Ladds (Queensland; diseases; 176-181.)
x			1981	Chase, A. (Australia; Aboriginal use & beliefs; 112-122.)
x			1981	Denton & Breck (Queensland; mercury in tissues; 117, 119-120.)
x			1981a	Denton, G.R.W. (Queensland; heavy metals in tissues; 169-174.)
x			1981	Elliott et al. (salmonellosis; 203-208.)
x			1981	Elliott, M.A. (Northern Territory, Australia; distr. & status; 57-66.)
x			1981a	Heinsohn, G.E. (Queensland; distr. & status; 55-56.)
x			1981c	Heinsohn, G.E. (aerial survey techniques; 217-227.)
x			1981d	Heinsohn, G.E. (techniques for measurement and for data & specimen collection; 228-238.)
x			1981	Hendrokusumo et al. (Indonesia; distr.; 10-18.)
x			1981b	Hudson, B.E.T. (Papua New Guinea; conservation & public education; 123-141.)
x	v		1981	Johannes, R.E. (Palau; hunting & sale; 25, 68, 73.)
x			1981	Johnstone & Hudson (Papua New Guinea; mouth samples of diet; 681-690.)
x			1981	Jones, S. (Burma, India, Sri Lanka, & neighboring areas; distr. & status; 43-54.)
x			1981	Kamiya & Yamasaki (sinus hair; 193-197.)
x			1981	Kataoka & Asano (in capt., Toba, Japan; 199-203.)
x			1981	Marsh & Glover (male reproductive tract; 261-273.)
x			1981	Marsh & Heinsohn (Queensland; workshop on aerial survey techniques; 345-353.)
x			1981	Marsh & Kasuya (workshop on reading growth layers of tusks; 354-368.)
x			1981	Marsh et al. (Wellesley Islands, Queensland; hunting & conservation; 255-267.)
x		*	1981a	Marsh, H. (proceedings of dugong seminar/workshop; 1-400.)
x			1981d	Marsh, H. (female reproductive tract; 248-259.)
x			1981e	Marsh, H. (techniques for age determination; 311-343.)
x			1981	Maynes & Hudson (on Papua New Guinea postage stamp; 4-6.)
x			1981	Mitchell, J. (DD; Queensland; age determination; 99-109.)
x			1981	Murray, R.M. (volatile fatty acids; 166-168.)
x	v	*	1981	Nietschmann & Nietschmann (Torres Strait; hunting & econ. use; 54-62.)
x			1981	Prince et al. (Western Australia; distr. & status; 67-87.)
x			1981	Purse, B. (Queensland; hunting; review of film; 199-200.)
x			1981	Rainey, W.E. (tissue sampling techniques for electrophoresis; 240-247.)
x			1981	Santiapillai, C. (Sri Lanka; ecology & conservation; 2-6.)
x			1981a	Spain & Marsh (Australia; cranial variation; 143-161.)
x			1981b	Spain & Marsh (standard skull measurements; 286-301.)
x			1981	Sprent, J.F.A. (nematode Paradujardinia halicoris; 309-310, 319, 321-322, pl. 3.)
x			1981	Yamasaki et al. (tongue; 182-191.)
			1982	Sokolov, V.E. (skin)
			1982	Rancurel & Intes (New Caledonia; remains in tiger shark stomachs)
x		*	1982a	Anderson, P.K. (Shark Bay, Australia; population size & habitat use; 69-84.)
x		*	1982b	Anderson, P.K. (Shark Bay, Australia; behavior; 85-99.)
x			1982	Barnett & Johns (Queensland; hunting, conservation, underwater observations; 515-524.)
x			1982	Domning, Rice et al. (distr. & status; 305.)
x			1982	Kleinschmidt, A. (body proportions, 375; pelvis, 390-392.)
x			1982	Ligon, S.L.H. (Kenya; aerial survey; 511-513.)
x			1982	Marsh & Heinsohn (Australia & Papua New Guinea; conservation; 1-5.)
x			1982	Marsh et al. (Queensland; stomach contents; 55-67.)
x			1982	Robineau & Rose (Djibouti; 233-238.)
x			1982	Wagner, R. (Papua New Guinea; "ri" not a dugong; 38.)
x	v		1983a	Anon. (Persian Gulf; deaths from oil spill; 180.)
x	v		1983	Begley et al. (Persian Gulf; deaths from Nowruz oil spill; 79.)
x			1983a	Domning, D.P. (dental evolution; pop. acc.; 11.)
x			1983	Marsh & Anderson (Australia; capture myopathy; 1-3.)
x			1983	Marsh, H. (Vanuatu; conservation recommendations; 1-5.)
x			1983	Mead, J.G. (Papua New Guinea; "ri" not a porpoise, possibly a dugong; 161-162.)
x			1983	Piggins et al. (eyes & vision, comp. w/ TI; 112, 121-126.)
	v		1983	Powell, J.A., Jr. (Australia; pop. acc.)
x	v		1983	Preen & Heinsohn (Australia; 4 photos; 20-21.)
x			1983	Sibert, J.R. (Papua New Guinea; "ri" probably a marine mammal; 159-161.)
x			1983	Tisdell, C.A. (Papua New Guinea; conservation; 14-15.)
x			1983	Wagner et al. (Papua New Guinea; "ri" not a dugong; 113-125.)
x			1984b	Anon. (DD; Arabian Gulf; deaths from oil spills and fishing; leather used for sandals; 362.)
x			1984a	Anderson, P.K. (suckling; 510.)
x			1984c	Anderson, P.K. (Queensland; behavior & ecology; 37-42.)
	v		1984	Cropp, B. (Australia; pop. acc.)
x			1984	Hudson, B.E.T. (Papua New Guinea; hunting; pop. acc.; 298-301.)
x			1984	Marsh & Eisentraut ("D. dugong"; palatal ridges; 314-315.)
x			1984c	Marsh, H. (Australia; rescue of animals stranded by cyclone; 106-107.)
x		*	1984	Marsh, Heinsohn & Channells (female reproductive tract; 743-766.)
x		*	1984	Marsh, Heinsohn & Glover (male reproductive tract; 721-742.)
x		*	1984	Marsh, Heinsohn & Marsh (reproduction & population dynamics; 767-788.)
			1984a	Minnegal, M. (Queensland; archeological site)
x	v		1984b	Minnegal, M. (Queensland; archeological site; butchering; 15-20.)
x			1984	Nietschmann, B. (Torres Strait; hunting & ecology; 625-651.)
x			1984	Rainey et al. (molecular systematics; 586-587.)
x			1984	Robinson, N.H. (New South Wales; strandings; 157.)
			1984a	Salm & Usher (Indonesia)
			1984b	Salm & Usher (Indonesia)
x			1984	Short, R.V. (Australia; gen. acc.; karyotype; 382-384.)
x			1985	Anderson & Prince (Shark Bay, Australia; attacks by killer whales; 554-556.)
x			1985	Baldwin, C.L. (Australia; conservation & management; 1-20.)
x	v		1985	Beckjord, J.-E. (Papua New Guinea; "ri" a dugong; 154-155.)
x			1985	Fortelius, M. (cheek tooth morphology & eruption; m11.)
x	v		1985	Greenwell, J.R. (Papua New Guinea; "ri" not a dugong; 151-154.)
x			1985	Kenchington, R.A. (Great Barrier Reef, Australia; conservation; 89-90.)
x			1985	Kendall, B. (Kenya; pop. acc.; 32-33.)
			1985	Nishiwaki & Marsh
x			1985	Pirlot & Kamiya ("D. dugong"; brain morphology; 147-155.)
x			1985	Rowlatt & Marsh (heart & great vessels; 95-106.)
x	v		1985	Sibert, J.R. (Papua New Guinea; "ri" possibly a dugong; 144-145.)
	v		1985	Taylor, D.C. (Arabia; pop. acc.)
			1985	Thomson, D.F. (Australia)
			1985	Vousden, D.H.
x	v		1985	Wagner, R. (Papua New Guinea; "ri" not a dugong; 149-151, 156.)
			1985	Wilson, S. (gen. acc.)
			1985	Al-Tikriti, W.Y. (United Arab Emirates; archaeological site)
x			1986a	Anderson, P.K. (Shark Bay, Australia; temperature, nutrition, & seasonal movements; 473-490.)
x	v		1986c	Anderson, P.K. (Shark Bay, Australia; behavior & research; pop. acc.; 162-167.)
x	v		1986c	Anon. (not exterminated from Persian Gulf by oil spill; 25.)
x	v		1986	Baldwin, C.L. (Queensland; conservation; 206-212.)
x			1986	Bayliss, P. (Australia; aerial survey techniques; 27-37.)
			1986	Bhaskar, S. (India)
x			1986	Blair, D. (parasites; gen. acc.; S21-S22.)
x	v		1986	Goldsmith, P. (East Africa; hunting with remoras; 231.)
			1986c	Hudson, B.E.T. (Papua New Guinea; conservation & traditional hunting)
			1986	Marsh, Freeland et al. (Australia; stranded by cyclone)
x		*	1986a	Marsh, H. (Torres Strait; population model & status; 53-76.)
x			1986	Prince, R.I.T. (northern Western Australia; 1-38.)
x			1986	Tisdell, C.A. (Australia & Papua New Guinea; conservation; 102-104.)
			1986	Wang & Sun (China; distr.)
x			1986	Williams, T.R. (Papua New Guinea; "ri" definitely a dugong; 61-68.)
x	v		1987	Finger, J. (Queensland; history of oil industry; 3-5.)
			1987	Frazier et al. (Red Sea)
x			1987	Greenwell, J.R. (Papua New Guinea; history of study of "ri"; 140-144.)
			1987	Kataoka, T. (gen. acc.)
			1987	Marsh, H. (Australia)
x			1987	Mossman, H.W. (fetal membranes; 267-268.)
			1987	Preen, A.R. (Persian Gulf)
			1987	Rathbun, Reid & Tas'an (radiotagging)
			1987	Vine & Schmid (Red Sea)
x			1987	Whitten et al. (Sulawesi; gen. acc.; 205, 207-210, pl. 13.)
x			1987	Wootton, J.T. (body mass & age at first reproduction; m748.)
			1988	Shearer, W. (in capt.; raising for meat proposed)
			1988	Anderson, G.R.V. (Australia; traditional hunting)
			1988a	Anderson, P.K. (Shark Bay, Australia)
			1988b	Anderson, P.K. (aerial survey)
			1988	Bradley, J.J. (Australia; traditional hunting)
			1988	Davis, S. (Australia; traditional hunting)
x			1988	Doig & Dyson (Australia; satellite tracking; 438-439.)
x			1988	Fischer, M.S. (ear region, comp. w/ TM; 368-369, 374, 376.)
			1988	Gray & Zann (Australia; traditional knowledge)
x			1988	Hasegawa, H. (Okinawa; nematode Paradujardinia halicoris; 23-25.)
x			1988	Ho, H.C. (Singapore; gen. acc., stranding records; 22-25.)
x		*	1988a	Marsh, H. (Australia; review of ecology & conservation; 9-21.)
x			1988b	Marsh, H. (Australia; status of research; 128-130.)
x	v		1988c	Marsh, H. (Australia; gen. acc.; 8-10.)
			1988d	Marsh, H. (Australia)
x			1988e	Marsh, H. (Australia; conservation; 495-502.)
			1988	Prince, R.I.T. (Australia; traditional knowledge)
x			1988	Rathbun et al. (Palau; status; 265-270.)
x			1988	Reddacliff, G. (Australia; killed by cookie-cutter sharks; 133-134.)
x			1988	Sehm, G.G. (Papua New Guinea; "ri" not a dugong; 145-149.)
			1988	Smith, A.J. (Australia; traditional hunting)
x	v		1988	Smith, D. (Australia; children's article; 44-47.)
x			1988	Tucker & Puddicombe (Australia; conservation; 82-83.)
x			1988	Williams, T.R. (Papua New Guinea; "ri" a dugong; 149-151.)
			1988	Howell, K.M. (Tanzania; conservation)
x			1989	Anderson, P.K. (Shark Bay, Australia; foraging on macroinvertebrates; 4-6.)
x	v		1989	Bay & Demoulin (Hansa Bay, Papua New Guinea; m12.)
x			1989	Bayliss & Freeland ("D. dugong"; Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia; distr. & abundance; 141-149.)
x			1989	Buffrénil & Schoevaert (pachyostosis; 2107-2119.)
x			1989	Chambers & Bani (Vanuatu; status; 13-14.)
x			1989c	Domning, D.P. (comp. w/ Dioplotherium manigaulti, 424; evolution of tusks, 426.)
			1989	Lanyon et al.
x		*	1989	Leatherwood & Reeves (Sri Lanka; status, distr., catch, conservation; 4-5, 7, 61, 64, 80, 82-91, 105, 129-132.)
			1989	Marsh & Saalfeld
x			1989a	Marsh & Sinclair (Australia; aerial surveys; visibility bias correction; 1018-1028.)
			1989b	Marsh & Sinclair
x			1989a	Marsh, H. (Australia; stranded by cyclone; 78-84.)
			1989c	Marsh, H. (gen. acc.)
x		*	1989	Preen et al. (Arabian region; conservation; 1-43.)
x		*	1989a	Preen, A. (Arabian region; status & conservation; 1-200.)
x			1989b	Preen, A. (Queensland; mating behavior; 382-387.)
			1989	Slade et al. (Australia; pop. acc.)
x			1990	Eiser, P. (Australia; m28; gen. acc., 73.)
x		*	1990	Marsh & Rathbun (Queensland; radio & satellite tracking; 83-100.)
			1990	Marsh & Saalfeld (Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, Australia; distr. & abundance)
x			1990	Marsh & Saalfeld (Australia, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, Queensland; distr. & abundance; 511-524.)
x		*	1990	O'Shea & Reep (encephalization quotients & life history; 534-543.)
			1990	Parer-Cook & Parer (Australia)
x			1990	Paterson, R.A. (Queensland; mortality from shark nets; 155-156.)
x			1990	Sigurdsson & Yang (Singapore; 25-29, 33-34.)
x			1990	Smith & Marsh (Queensland; management of traditional hunting; 47-55.)
			1990	Al-Khalili, A.D. (Bahrain)
			1990	Desse & Desse-Berset (Failaka, Kuwait; archaeological site)
			1990	Bowdler, S. (Shark Bay, Australia; archaeological sites)
x			1990	Rao & Khan (Andaman Islands; status; 33.)
x			1991	Bradley, J.J. (Australia; traditional hunting; 91-110.)
x			1991a	Brown, J.N.B. (United Arab Emirates; status; 20-21.)
x			1991b	Brown, J.N.B. (Abu Dhabi; meat sold; 33.)
x			1991	Domning & de Buffrénil (hydrostatic adaptations of skeleton; 337, 358-359, 361-362.)
x			1991a	Domning, D.P. (pelvic bones; sexual & ontogenetic variation; 311-316.)
x			1991	Frazier & Mundkur (Gulf of Kutch, India; anatomy, status; 368-379.)
			1991	Johannes & MacFarlane (Torres Strait)
x	v		1991	Johnson, R.L. (Australia; pop. acc.; 36-46.)
			1991a	Kamiya, T. (effects of Persian Gulf war)
x			1991	Kingdon, J. (Arabia; pop. acc.; 112-114.)
x			1991	Marsh & Saalfeld (DD; Torres Strait; status; 187-194.)
			1991	Marsh, H. (Australia; gen. acc.)
x			1991	Pietsch, T.W. (S. Fallours' painting of a mermaid probably based on a dugong from Ambon; 2, 5, 10, 12-13.)
x			1991	Prieur & Guérin (United Arab Emirates; archeological site; 72-83.)
x			1992	Blair & Hudson (Papua New Guinea; trematode Lankatrematoides gardneri; 1077-1079.)
			1992	Dong et al. (China; larynx, trachea, lungs)
x			1992	Hellyer, P. (Abu Dhabi; 44.)
x			1992	Marmontel et al. (reproductive biology; 295-302, 308.)
			1992	Preen et al.
x			1992	Whitten & Whitten (Indonesia; pop. acc.; 60-61.)
			1992	Young, G.
			1993b	Lal Mohan, R. S. (India; status)
x			1993a	Anon. (India; conservation; 42.)
x	v		1993	Brown, J. (Australia; seagrass dieoff; pop. acc.; 11.)
x			1993	Erftemeijer et al. (South Sulawesi; stomach contents; 229-233.)
x	v		1993	Harling, R. (Shark Bay, Australia; lekking behavior; pop. acc.; 10-11.)
x			1993	Hellyer, P. (Abu Dhabi; 24.)
			1993	Lee Long et al. (Queensland; feeding trails)
x			1993	Loyer, B. (Vanuatu; behavior of lone individual; 54-55.)
x			1993	Marsh et al. (Australia & Oceania; conservation; 232-234.)
x			1993	Staub, F. (extinct in Mauritius; 10-11, 48-49.)
x			1993	Wang, P. (China, Taiwan; distr.; 275-278.)
			1993	Steele & Kuhl (Moreton Bay, Australia; warm-water refugia)
			1993	Van Neer & Gautier (United Arab Emirates; archaeological site)
			1993	Uerpmann, M. (Bahrain; archaeological site)
			1993	Sea Aueng et al. (Thailand)
			1994a	Kamiya, Toshiro (in capt., Toba, Japan)
			1994	Adulyanukosal & Chantrapornsyl (Thailand)
x	v		1994	Anderson, I. (Oyster Point, Queensland; resort construction threat to habitat; 7.)
x			1994	Anderson, P.K. (Shark Bay, Australia; distr. & food in winter; 381-388.)
x			1994	Aragones, L.V. (Philippines; use of seagrass beds; 709-717.)
x			1994	Ho et al. (Singapore; gen. acc.; 249.)
x			1994	Johnson et al. (brain traits; 322, 328, 333-335.)
x			1994	Kemper et al. (Australia; heavy metals, organochlorines; 129-135, 137.)
x			1994	Marsh & Lefebvre (status & conservation; 156, 160-165.)
x			1994	Marsh et al. (Shark Bay, Australia; distr. & abundance; 149-161.)
			1994	Nateekanjanalarp & Sudara (Thailand; conservation)
x			1994	Payne & Francis (Borneo; gen. acc.; 291, pl. 43.)
x			1994	Ponte et al. (Queensland; traditional hunting rights; 260-261.)
x			1994	Ross, A. (Queensland; traditional hunting rights; m22-24.)
x			1994	Stuart & Stuart ("D. dugong"; Africa; distr. & status; 97.)
			1994	Takamura & Sakai (in capt., Toba, Japan; pop. acc.; 10-13.)
			1994	Uerpmann & Uerpmann (Bahrain; archaeological site)
			1994	Van den Driesch, A. (United Arab Emirates; archaeological site)
			1994	Uchida, S. (Japan)
x			1995	Anderson & Barclay (Australia; acoustic signals; 1226-1237.)
x			1995b	Anderson, P.K. (Shark Bay, Australia; scarring & photoidentification; 205-211.)
x			1995	De Iongh, Wenno & Meelis (Ambon, Indonesia; seagrasses & grazing; 1-19.)
x			1995	De Iongh, Wenno et al. (Lease Islands, Indonesia; aerial survey; 759-761.)
x			1995	Heinsohn, G.E. (Australia; gen. acc.; 666-670.)
x			1995	Hellyer, P. (United Arab Emirates; 32.)
x			1995	Hoch, E. (United Arab Emirates; archaeological site; 249-251, 254-255.)
x			1995	Kalk, M. (Mozambique; 329-330.)
			1995	Karre, B.D. (Torres Strait)
		*	1995	Kataoka et al. (Philippines)
x			1995	Kettembeil, S. ("D. dugong"; threats to survival; pop. acc.; 29.)
x			1995	Lanyon & Marsh (digesta passage times; 119-127.)
x			1995	Marsh et al. (Palau; status; 85-89.)
x			1995	Preen & Marsh (Hervey Bay, Queensland; response to seagrass die-off; 507-519.)
x			1995a	Preen, A.R. (Moreton Bay, Australia; feeding on invertebrates; 163-171.)
x			1995	Smith et al. (Vietnam; 147-148, 161, 163-164, 166, 170.)
			1995	Stephan, E. (United Arab Emirates; archaeological site)
			1995	Domning, D.P. (evolution; possible dispersal from Atlantic; dental morphology & possible neoteny; feeding ecology & deep diving)
			1996	Slater & Stokes (Shoalwater Bay, Queensland, Australia; management plan)
			1996	De Iongh, H.H. (Aru, Indonesia)
			1996	De Iongh et al. (Indonesia; in capt.; food preferences)
			1996	Lee Long et al. (northeastern Australia; feeding at depths of at least 23 m)
x			1996	Anderson, I. (Queensland; voluntary hunting moratorium by Aborigines; 5.)
x			1996	Blaszkiewitz & Reinhard ("D. dugong"; in capt., Surabaya; 878-881.)
x			1996	Krogh & Reid (New South Wales; mortality in shark nets; 221-223.)
x			1996	Lavergne et al. (mitochondrial 12S rRNA sequence; 245-258.)
x	v		1996	Lockett, J. (cultivation grazing; pop. acc.; 20-21.)
			1996	Marsh et al. (southern Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, Australia; status; 1-80.)
			1996	Reinhard, R. (in capt., Jakarta, Surabaya; 23-24.)
x			1996	Reynolds & Rommel (gastrointestinal tract, comp. w/ TML; 553-556.)
x			1996	Supanwanid, C. (Thailand; 315.)
x			1996	Tan, B. (China; gen. acc.; 82, 85-86.)
x			1996	Tikel et al. (mtDNA sequences; recovery of DNA from feces; 456-457.)
			1996	Vincent, T. (Red Sea; 179-183.)
x			1996	Yu, M.-J. (Taiwan; m122.)
			1996	Roberts et al. (North Queensland; monitoring Aboriginal hunting)
			1996	Marsh, H. (Queensland; sustainable use)
			1996	Das, H.S. (Andaman & Nicobar islands)
			1996	Wamukoya et al. (Kenya; aerial survey)
			1997	Smith et al. (Vietnam)
			1997	Dutton, T.P. (Africa)
x			1997	Anderson, P.K. (Shark Bay, Australia; lekking; 433-462.)
x			1997	Bajpai & Domning (comp. w/ Bharatisiren kachchhensis; 221, 224-227.)
			1997	Baldwin & Cockcroft (Arabian Gulf; status)
x			1997	Beasley & Jefferson (Borneo; distr.; 194, 202, 204, pl. 34.)
x			1997	Capasso, L. ("D. dugong"; hyperostosis; 616-617, 619.)
x			1997	De Iongh et al. (Indonesia; behavior; 71-77.)
x			1997b	Domning, D.P. (comp. w/ Crenatosiren olseni; 397-398, 401, 403-404, 409-411.)
x			1997	Edmonds et al. (Western Australia; elemental composition of tusk; 203-214.)
			1997	Hill et al. (Cryptosporidium infection; 670-671.)
			1997	Kataoka, T. (pop. acc.)
x			1997	Marsh et al. (Great Barrier Reef, Australia; ecology, status, values, human impacts, management; 124-138.)
x			1997	Marsh, H. (Australia; population biology & conservation; gen. acc.; 50-57.)
x			1997	Marsh, Harris & Lawler (Torres Strait; sustainability of fishery; 1375-1386.)
x			1997	Ozawa et al. (mtDNA sequence & tethythere phylogeny; 406-413.)
x			1997	Peterken & Conacher (Australia; effects of grazing on Zostera capricorni; 333-340.)
x			1997	Preen et al. (Western Australia; distr. & abundance; 185-208.)
			1997	Wakai, Y. (in capt., Toba; sexual behavior)
x			1997	Whiting, S.D. (Fog Bay, Northern Territory, Australia; 16-26.)
			1997	Zhang et al. (China)
			1997	Wamukoya et al. (Kenya; aerial survey)
			1998	Bryden et al.
			1998	Belcher, A. A. (Vanuatu; butting people)
x			1998	Goodwin et al. (caudal vertebrae comp. w/ ?prorastomid; m814.)
x			1998	Heaney, L.R. (Philippines; distr. & status; 53.)
x			1998	Liu, Z. (China; distr. & status; 208-210.)
x			1998	Marsh et al. (Queensland; fragment size of stomach contents, comp. w/ TML & TMM; 250-255.)
x	v		1998	Mukerjee, M. (Andaman Is.; pop. acc.; 20-21.)
x			1998	Preen, A.R. (Indian Ocean coast, Australia; conservation; 173-181. Arabian Gulf; at least 14 killed in 1991 Gulf War oil spill; m176.)
			1998	Haynes et al. (Great Barrier Reef; protection areas)
	v		1999	Valentine & Heck (seagrass herbivory; review)
			1999	Marsh et al. (Australia; conservation strategy)
			1999	Mukai et al. (Thailand; effects of grazing; carrying capacity)
			1999	Tager, J. (Australia)
x	v		1999	Abdullah, M.K. (in capt., Malaysia; release policy; 8.)
x			1999	Ambrose, P. (Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, Australia; conservation; m235-236.)
x			1999	Das & Dey (Andaman & Nicobar Is.; 195-198.)
x			1999	Louette, M. (Mayotte, Comoro Is.; 58.)
			1999	Marsh & Giffney (Biol. & conservation)
x			1999	Nakaoka & Aioi (Thailand; Halophila growth in feeding trails; 97-103.)
x			1999	Whiting, S.D. (Sahul Banks, Australia; 609-615.)
			1999	Hope Vale Aboriginal Community (Hope Vale, Australia; hunting management plan)
			1999	Perry & Dennison (microbial nutrient cycling in seagrass sediments)
			1999	De Iongh, H.H. (Indonesia; marine reserves)
			1999	Oliver & Berkelmans (Great Barrier Reef & Hervey Bay, Australia; research strategy)
			1999	Rahman et al. (liver ferritin)
x			2000	Anon. (Australia; protection strengthened; 467.)
x			2000	Barnes, L.G. (Vanuatu; photo; 3.)
		*	2000	Eros et al. (necropsy manual; v + 74.)
x			2000	Hinze & Palomo (pop. acc.; 8.)
x			2000	Maio & Picariello (skeleton & skull at Naples; 13-15.)
			2000	Morgan et al. (Australia; Cryptosporidium parvum)
			2001	Francis, C.M. (Southeast Asia)
			2001	Jackson et al. (overfishing)
			2001	Chua et al. (Singapore; in capt.)
			2001	Schulman, M. (Great Barrier Reef, Australia; conservation)
			2001	Morton, B. (China)
			2001	McLachlan et al. (Great Barrier Reef, Australia; PCDDs)
			2001	Adulyanukosal et al. (Thailand; stomach contents)
			2001	Simpfendorfer et al. (Western Australia; remains found in tiger shark stomachs)
x			2001	Masini et al. (Shark Bay, Australia; impact of grazing on Halodule; 179-197.)
x			2001	Taylor, G. (Shark Bay, Australia; shark attack; 34-41.)
			2001	Preen, A.R. (Queensland; boat-traffic management)
			2001	Marsh & Lawler (southern Great Barrier Reef & Hervey Bay, Australia)
			2001	Marsh et al. (Queensland; mortality in shark nets)
			2002	Lawler et al. (Great Barrier Reef, Australia; state of knowledge)
			2002	Keijl & Van der Have (DD)
			2002	Tisdell, C.A. (Australia; conservation)
			2002	Wakai et al. (in capt.; urinary progesterone and estradiol 17β)
			2002	Corneli, P.S. (mitochondrial genome; Afrotheria not supported)
x			2002	Spoor et al. (curvature of semicircular canals; 163-164.)
			2002a	Whiting, S.D. (Northern Territory, Australia; dive times)
			2002b	Whiting, S.D. (Northern Territory, Australia; foraging on algae)
			2002	Jousse et al. (Akab Island, United Arab Emirates; archaeological site)
			2002	Lanyon et al. (Moreton Bay, Australia; mark-recapture program)
x			2002	Kumaran, P. (India; review & critique of past studies; m1210-1220.)
			2002	Moutou, F. (some Indian Ocean records; m50.)
			2002	Nakaoka et al. (Thailand; impact of foraging on benthic animal communities)
			2002	Schaffelke et al. (Great Barrier Reef, Australia; water quality)
			2002	Senthil-Kumar et al. (Thailand; dioxins/furans & PCBs)
			2002	Carruthers et al. (NE Australia; seagrass habitats)
		*	2002	Marsh et al. (status reports & action plans)
			2002	Marsh & Lawler (northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia)
			2003	Zhou et al. (Beibu Gulf, China)
			2003	McNiven & Feldman (Torres Strait, Australia; hunting magic)
			2003	Marshall et al. (orofacial morphology & feeding)
			2003	Clementz et al. (calcium isotope values)
			2003	Marsh, Penrose & Eros (conservation)
x	v		2003	Clementz et al. (carbon & oxygen stable isotopes; 509.)
x			2003	Eldredge, L.G. (Guam; 657.)
			2003	Lanyon, J.M. (Moreton Bay, Australia; aerial surveys, 1995; 397-409.)
x			2003	Sadler, R. (Okinawa; threat from airbase construction; 24.)
			2003	Kumar et al. (Thailand; dioxins/furans & PCBs)
			2003	Rouja et al. (NW Australia; indigenous hunting & use of fat)
			2003	Singh, H.S. (Gulf of Kutch, India)
			2003	André & Lawler (near infrared spectroscopic analysis of diet)
			2003	Kuriandewa et al. (in capt.; Indonesia; 180.)
			2003	Ochieng & Erftemeijer (Kenya & Tanzania; 83.)
			2004	Allen et al. (DD; New South Wales)
			2004	Badrudeen et al. (India)
			2004a	Goto et al. (in capt.; effects of age, body size, & season on food consumption & digestion)
			2004	Haworth et al. (Botany Bay, Australia; subfossil)
			2004	Marsh et al. (Torres Strait, Australia; fishery unsustainable)
			2004	Yamamuro et al. (Kyushu, Japan; stable isotopes of tissues and gut contents)
			2004	Heinsohn, R., et al. (Torres Strait & Cape York, Australia; population viability analyses)
			2004	Gales et al. (Western Australia; migration)
			2004	D'Anastasio, R. (hyperostosis of ribs)
			2004	Chilvers et al. (diving behavior)
			2004	Trainito, E. (pop. acc.)
			2004b	Goto et al. (fermentation & digestibility of fiber)
			2005	Perrin et al. (eds.) (Southeast Asia; conservation)
			2005	Andre et al. (Torres Strait, Australia; diet comp. w/ green turtles)
			2005	Yamamuro & Chirapart (Thailand; Halophila ovalis)
x			2005	Anonymous (Tanzania; conservation; 492.)
			2005	Kwan, D. (Torres Strait, Australia; management of traditional fishery)
			2005	Jiwa, H. (Indian Ocean)
			2005	Lanyon, Smith & Carrick (Moreton Bay, Australia; reproductive steroids in feces)
			2005	Lanyon, Johns & Sneath (Queensland; effects of temperature)
			2005	Fitzgerald, E.M.G. (Victoria, Australia; subfossil)
			2005	Chilvers et al. (Moreton Bay, Queensland)
			2005	Fernandes et al. (Great Barrier Reef)
			2005	Havemann et al. (Great Barrier Reef; traditional hunting agreements)
			2005	Marsh et al. (population estimates)
			2005	Mellors et al. (Great Barrier Reef; seagrass meadows; biogeochemical parameters)
			2005a	Hines et al. (Thailand)
			2005b	Hines et al. (Thailand; conservation)
			2006	David et al. (Torres Strait, Australia; dugong bone mounds & rituals)
			2006	Kwan et al. (Australia; hunting)
			2006	Pollock et al. (aerial survey methods)
			2006	Sheppard et al. (movement heterogeneity)
			2006a	Lanyon & Sanson (degenerate dentition & tooth wear)
x			2006	Pledge, N.S. (comp. w/ "Dugonginae incertae sedis", Early Plioc., South Australia; 297-303.)
			2006	Lanyon, Newgrain & Alli (in capt., Indonesia; water turnover rate)
			2006	Lanyon, Slade et al. (rodeo method of open-water capture)
			2006	Aragones et al. (grazing optimization)
			2006	Ichikawa et al. (vocalizations)
			2006	Rajamani et al. (Sabah, Malaysia; indigenous use and trade)
			2006	Tsutsumi et al. (feeding; passive acoustical monitoring)
			2006	Maitland et al. (Burrum Heads, Queensland, Australia; risk of boat strike)
			2006	Holley et al. (Shark Bay, Australia)
			2006b	Lanyon & Sanson (mastication)
			2007	Wang et al. (Hainan Province, China; status)
			2007	Crouch et al. (Torres Strait; dugong bone mounds)
			2007	Grech & Marsh (Australia; conservation; population model)
		*	2007	Eros et al. (necropsy manual)
			2007	Anon.?
			2007	Broderick et al. (microsatellite loci)
			2007	Shirakihara et al. (southern Japan; distribution & conservation)
			2007	Ilangakoon & Tun (Myanmar; conservation)
x			2007	Ewan & Ewan (DD; reproduction of earliest illustrations of skull; 1038.)
			2007	Fertl & Fulling (interactions with turtles)
			2007	Kiszka et al. (Mayotte)
			2007	Kiszka & Muir (eastern Africa; gen. acc.)
			2007	Harino et al. (Thailand; organotin compounds)
			2007	Hodgson & Marsh (response to boat traffic)
			2007	Sheppard et al. (seagrass habitat)
			2007	Adulyanukosol et al. (Thailand; variation in reproductive behavior)
			2007b	Wirsing et al. (predation by tiger sharks)
			2007	Hodgson et al. (Australia; use of acoustic alarms to prevent accidental netting)
			2007	Hobbs et al. (Cocos (Keeling) Islands)
			2007	Kiszka, J.J. (Mayotte, Comoro Islands; associations with dolphins)
			2007a	Wirsing et al. (foraging tactics & shark avoidance)
			2007c	Wirsing et al. (foraging tactics & shark avoidance)
			2008	Wirsing et al. (Shark Bay, Australia; foraging tactics & shark avoidance)
			2008	Garrigue et al. (New Caledonia)
			2008	Daley et al. (Queensland, Australia; history of commercial fishery)
			2008	Diedrich, C.G. (Red Sea)
			2008	McHale et al. (PCR assay for sex assignment)
			2008	Jayasankar et al. (India; PCR-based sex determination)
			2008	Hines et al. (Cambodia & Vietnam; conservation)
			2008	Ilangakoon et al. (Gulf of Mannar, India & Sri Lanka)
			2008	Grech & Marsh (risk assessment)
			2008	Hermanussen et al. (Queensland, Australia; PBDEs)
			2008	Marsh, H. (Great Barrier Reef, Australia)
			2008	Marsh & Kwan (Torres Strait; female reproductive biology & seagrass dieback)
			2008	Sheppard et al. (Torres Strait, Australia; seagrass nutrients)
			2008	Takahashi et al. (Moreton Bay, Australia; okadaic acid)
			2008	Tsukinowa et al. (in capt., Toba, Japan; fecal microbiota)
			2008	Dobbs et al. (protected area, Great Barrier Reef, Australia)
			2008	Grech et al. (bycatch assessment)
			2008	Asher & Lehmann (dental eruption)
			2008	Whiting, S.D. (Northern Territory, Australia)
			2008	McNiven & Bedingfield (Torres Strait; archaeological sites; hunting rates)
			2009	D'Souza & Patankar (Andaman Islands, India)
			2009	Méry et al. (Akab, United Arab Emirates; Neolithic ritual site)
x			2009	Dulvy et al. (anthropogenic depletion; m137.)
x			2009	Meredith et al. (enamelin gene not degenerate; 3.)
			2009	Lanyon et al. (visual & molecular sex recognition)
			2009	Muschett et al. (mtDNA primer)
			2009	Sheppard et al. (Australia; habitat use)
			2010	Diedrich, C.G. (comp. w/ placodontids)
		*	2010	Pandey, C. N.; Tatu, K. S.; Anand, Y. A. (India; status)
			2010	Hunter, Broderick et al. (microsatellite primers)
			2010	Rajamani & Marsh (Malaysia; aerial surveys & conservation)
			2010	Lanyon et al. (Queensland, Australia; molecular characterization of populations; skin sampling)
			2010	Aragones et al. (Philippines; strandings, 1998-2009)
			2010	Buden & Haglelgam (Micronesia)
			2010	Lanyon et al. (Australia; capture for health assessment)
			2010	Sheppard et al. (Hervey Bay, Queensland, Australia; habitat use & food choice)
		*	2010	Sarko et al. (body size estimation)
			2011	D'Souza & Patankar (Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India; conservation)
			2011	Findlay et al. (Mozambique)
			2011	Gaul et al. (Queensland, Australia; organobromine compounds)
			2011	Wirsing & Ripple (responses to tiger sharks)
			2011	Wirsing et al. (feeding and diving mode in presence of tiger sharks)
			2011	Hagihara et al. (analysis of shallow-dive recordings)
			2011	Ichikawa et al. (response to calls)
			2011	Hodgson, A.J. (Saudi Arabia)
			2011	Adulyanukosol et al. (Thailand; morphology and organ weight)
			2011	Ferreira et al. (forensic genetics)
			2011	Gillespie et al. (small intestinal volvulus)
			2012	Vivekanandan & Jeyabaskaran (India)
			2012	Hoson et al. (fusion sequence of cranial sutures)
			2012	Owen et al. (Queensland, Australia; postmortem findings)
			2012	Aquino et al. (Philippines; Red List status; 144-150.)
			2012	Burgess et al. (fecal progesterone metabolite concentrations)
			2012	Raghunathan et al. (Andaman & Nicobar Islands)
			2012	Burgess et al. (male maturation & seasonal reproductive patterns)
		*	2012	Ikeda & Mukai (Japan; distribution, status, & conservation)
		*	2012	Preen et al. (Arabia; distribution, status, & conservation)
			2012	Dobbs et al. (Australia; distribution, status, & conservation)
			2012	Lanyon et al. (blood chemistry; no evidence of capture myopathy)
			2012	Buchholtz et al. (differentiation of cervical vertebrae)
			2012	Eigeland et al. (hindgut microbial communities)
			2012	Hamylton et al. (Aldabra Atoll)
		*	2012a	Hines, E. (Asia; distribution, status, & conservation)
			2013	Sivakumar, K. (India; conservation)
			2013	Burgess et al. (in capt.; reproductive hormone monitoring)
			2013	Nielsen et al. (Queensland, Australia; bacteria)
			2013	Pusineri et al. (Mayotte)
			2013	Hodgson et al. (Australia; use of drones in aerial surveys)
			2013	Nelson et al. (gut bacterial community)
			2013	McNiven, I. (Australia; Torres Strait; middens)
			2013	Parsons et al. (Shark Bay, Australia; vocalizations)
			2013	Maire et al. (detection from drones)
			2013	Benoit et al. (endocranial morphology)
			2013	Fuentes et al. (Torres Strait; capture for tagging by harpoon and dermal holdfast)
			2013	Dumont et al. (vertebral centra architecture)
			2013	Rajamani, L. (Sulu Sea, Malaysia; community knowledge & conservation)
			2013	Yapa & Ratnavira (Sri Lanka)
			2013	D'Souza et al. (Andaman and Nicobar Archipelago; occupancy trends)
			2014	Blair et al. (Australia; Pleist. sea level & phylogeography)
			2014	Hagihara et al. (Australia; aerial surveys; correction factors for surfacing times)
x			2015	Malakar et al. (Andaman Islands, India; 7176-7179.)
x			2015	Cole, B. (Red Sea, Egypt; gen. acc.; 2-4.)
x			2015	Amson et al. (rib histology comp. w/ Crenatosiren & Thalassocnus; 1, 3.)
			2015	Houssaye et al. (osteosclerosis)
			2015	Nontji, A. (Indonesia; "dugong princess" legends)
		*	2015	Springer et al. (molecular & morphological phylogeny)
			2016	Canoville et al. (rib microanatomy; 709-710, 718-720, 728.)
			2017	Cleguer et al. (New Caledonia; abundance)
			2017	Hashim, M. et al. (Johor Straits, Malaysia; conservation)
			2017	Mizuno et al. (Philippines; feeding trails)
			2017	Nganvongpanit et al. (Thailand; identification of tusks by X-ray fluorescence)
			2017	Tanaka et al. (Thailand; vocalisation patterns)
			2017	Pilcher et al. (survey questionnaire)
			2017	Al-Abdulrazzak & Pauly (Persian/Arabian Gulf; historical baselines)
			2017	Nganvongpanit et al. (Andaman Sea & Gulf of Thailand; skeleton; age & sex determination)
			2017	Gaudry et al. (UCP1-mediated thermogenesis)
			2017	Moore et al. (Indonesia; conservation, economic use, folklore)
			2017	Tol et al. (dispersing seagrass seeds)
			2018	Cullen-Unsworth et al. (DD; local ecological knowledge confirming presence)
			2018	Syafutra et al. (Bangka Island, Indonesia)
			2018	Wong et al. (Australia; polyclonal anti-dugong immunoglobulin G antibody)
			2018	Marshall et al. (Qatar; aggregations)
			2018	Angelo, G. C. (Timor-Leste)
			2019	Nurdin et al. (Indonesia; nutritional value of seagrass species)
			2019	Tubbs et al. (DD; Cambodia)
			2019	Nasr et al. (Red Sea; status)
			2019	Plön et al. (Indian Ocean; phylogeography)
			2019	Wong et al. (Queensland, Australia; Toxoplasma gondii & Neospora caninum)
			2019	Hutson et al. (trematode Cardicola dhangali n.sp.)
			2020	Idris et al. (Bintan Island, Indonesia)
			2020	Infantes et al. (Thailand; reproductive behavior; use of drones)
			2020	Petcharat & Lee (Thailand; nonuse value)
			2020	Satyaningtijas et al. (Indonesia; blood cell counts & parasites)
			2020	Yamato et al. (automatic detection of feeding sounds)
			2020	Nganvongpanit et al. (pelvis; morphometric analysis)
			2020	Cherdsukjai et al. (Thailand; age determination by telomere length, body length & weight)
			2020	Singh, L. A. K. (Maharashtra, India)
			2020	Smoll et al. (osmoregulation & electrolyte balance)
			2021	Budiarsa et al. (foraging behavior; influence of climatic drivers and anthropogenic disturbance)
			2021	Forth, G. (Flores Island, East Indies; myths & superstitions; economic uses)
			2021	Poommouang et al. (Thailand; genetic diversity)
			2021	Tanaka et al. (classification of calls)
			2021	Nowicki et al. (Shark Bay, Australia; tiger sharks; effects of apex predator removal and extreme climatic events)
			2021	Lanyon et al. (Australia; body scarring by tusks)
		*	2022	Pyenson et al. (cf. DD; Pleistocene, Qatar)
			2022	Ng et al. (Johor & Singapore Straits; community ecology; conservation)
			2022	Derville et al. (New Caledonia; habitat use; satellite tracking)
			2022	Le Duc et al. (genetics, comp. w/ HG)
			2022	Lin et al. (considered functionally extinct in China)
x	v	*	n.d.	Bible, The (possible use of hide by Hebrews.)

Dugong dugon australis (Retzius, 1794) Kleinschmidt, 1982 ( 1 )
x		*	1982	Kleinschmidt, A. ("D. d. australe"; new rank; distr., 372, 380, 382; tail shape, 408.)

Dugong dugon dugon (Müller, 1776) Kleinschmidt, 1982 ( 1 )
x		*	1982	Kleinschmidt, A. (new rank; distr., 372, 380, 382; tail shape, 408.)

Dugong dugon hemprichii (Ehrenberg, 1828) Kleinschmidt, 1982 ( 1 )
x		*	1982	Kleinschmidt, A. (new rank; distr.; 372, 380, 382.)

Dugong dugon tabernaculi (Rüppell, 1834) Gohar, 1957 ( 8 )
x	*	1957	Gohar, H.A.F. ("D. dugong tabernaculi", n.comb. & rank; anatomy, distr., feeding behavior, & parasites; 3-49, pls. 1-3.)
x		1959	Jones, S. (discussion of validity; 201.)
x		1961	Silas, E.G. (size; m264.)
		1963	Bertram, G.C.L.
x		1974	James, P.S.B.R. (not seen to differ from Indian dugong; 183-184.)
x		1976	Ilani, G. ("D. d. tabernacule"; Gulf of Aqaba; 161.)
x		1976	Paz & Ilani ("D. d. tabernacule"; Red Sea; 73-74.)
x		1988	Fouda, M.M. (Red Sea; 503.)

Dugong hemprichii (Ehrenberg, 1828) [author of combination not identified] ( 4 )
x	1925	Mertens, R. (syn. of Halicore tabernaculi; m30.)
	1931	Beaux, O. de
x	1982	Domning, Rice et al. (syn. of D. dugon; m305.)
x	1982	Kleinschmidt, A. (pelvis; 392.)

Dugong indicus (Boddaert, 1785) Lacépède, 1799 ( 3 )
	*	1799	Lacépède, B.G.E. de (n.sp.)
x		1982	Kleinschmidt, A. (syn. of D. dugon; 382.)
x		2000	Maio & Picariello ("D. indica"; syn. of Dugong dugon; m14.)

Dugong Lacépède, 1799 ( 50 )
		*	1799	Lacépède, B.G.E.
			1801	Lacépède, B.G.E.
x			1811	Illiger, C. (syn. of Halicore; xvii, 140.)
x			1815	Rafinesque, C.S. (syn. of Odobenus; 60.)
			1864	Dana, J.D.
x			1895	Palmer, T.S. (priority over Halicore; 450.)
x			1899	Palmer, T.S. (priority over Halicore; m494.)
x			1924a	Petit, G. (etymology & nomenclatural suitability of name; 124.)
x			1930a	Simpson, G.G. (pop. acc.; 41-47.)
x			1932a	Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 423-424, 431-432, 435-436, 442, 453-455, 458-460, 462-463, 468, 482-490, 492, 495-499.)
x			1941b	Heuvelmans, B. (dentition comp. w/ Trichechus; m9.)
x		*	1941c	Heuvelmans, B. (dentition; 1-14.)
x			1941	Kretzoi, M. (in classification; 154-155.)
x			1943	Heuvelmans, B. (evolution of dentition; 4-11.)
x			1945	Simpson, G.G. (in classification; 135.)
x			1951	Reinhart, R.H. (m208, 210.)
x			1965	Kilmer, F.H. (comp. w/ Halianassa allisoni & other sirs.; 60-63, 65.)
x		*	1965	Robineau, D. (ear ossicles; comp. w/ HG; 421-424.)
x			1966	Kellogg, R. (comp. w/ Metaxytherium; m71.)
			1966c	Shikama, T.
x		*	1966	Thomas, D. (India; natural history, hunting; 80-82.)
x			1968b	Bertram & Bertram (gen. acc.; 423-426.)
x			1968a	Kaiser, H.E. (morphology of occiput; 478.)
x			1968	Rice & Scheffer (distr.; 5.)
x			1977b	Domning, D.P. (specialization for bottom-feeding; 353.)
x			1978b	Domning, D.P. (comp. w/ N. Pacific sirs.; 2, 4-5, 7, 10, 12, 29-30, 37, 40, 51, 98, 100, 114, 116-120, 122-123, 125, 127, 130, 146.)
x			1978	Satsangi & Trivedy (comp. w/ Olig. Halitherium from India; 571, 575.)
x			1979	Cave, A.J.E. (pterygoid hamulus; 530-531.)
x			1979	Tassy, P. (comp. w/ Moeritherium; 86.)
			1980	Hasegawa, Y. (Ryukyu Islands)
x			1980	Inuzuka et al. (supposed occurrence in Middle Mioc., Japan; 639-641.)
x			1981	Strahan, R. (Malay and Latin names; 33.)
x			1982b	Domning, D.P. (diet & evolution; 610, 613-614, 616.)
x			1982	Domning, Morgan & Ray (comp. w/ Protosiren, 40; rostral deflection & diet, 62.)
x			1985	Muizon & Domning (comp. w/ indeterminate Peruvian sir.; 207-209.)
x			1987	Bajpai et al. (comp. w/ Metaxytherium kachchhense; 21-23.)
x			1987	Domning & Thomas (possible sexual dimorphism in ischium; 219.)
x			1988	Domning, D.P. (comp. w/ Metaxytherium floridanum; 409, 414-415.)
x			1988	Nojima, T. (bony falx cerebri; 315, 320.)
x			1989d	Domning, D.P. (comp. w/ Xenosiren yucateca; 435.)
x			1989	Maluf, N.S.R. (kidney comp. w/ TM; 282.)
x			1991	Frey, R. (skeleton & locomotor muscles; 278-282.)
x			1992	Pledge, N. (?Dugong; Early Plioc., South Australia; 6.)
			1993	Springer & Kirsch
x	D		1997	Pauls, E.B. (tooth microwear; comp. w/ Desmostylus; 69A.)
x			2000	Domning, D.P. (locomotor & diving adaptations; 117-118.)
x			2011	Gomes R. et al. (tooth replacement; m3-4.)
			2011	Diedrich, C. G. (placodont reptiles comp. w/ Halitherium & Dugong: macroalgae diets?)
			2013	O'Leary et al. (In phylogeny of other placental orders; in supplemental material.)
x			2014-15	Winsor, M.P. (in imaginary dialogue between Strickland and Darwin on affinity; m75-76, m125, m181, m183.)

Dugongidae Gray, 1821 ( 20 )
x	*	1821	Gray, J.E. (n.fam.; in classification; 309.)
x		1895	Palmer, T.S. (name recognized in place of Halicoridae; 450.)
x		1932c	Simpson, G.G. (in classification; 281.)
x		1941	Kretzoi, M. (in classification; 154, pl. 6.)
x		1945	Simpson, G.G. (in classification; 135.)
x		1967	Browder, J. (m5.)
x		1968	Rice & Scheffer (in classification; 5.)
x		2004	Aguilera & De Aguilera (indet. dugongids; early Mioc., Venezuela; shark predation; 376-378.)
x		2004	Missimer & Tobias. (cf. Dugongidae; Late Plioc., Florida; m62.)
		2004	Aguilera & Rodrigues (indeterminate dugongids; Mioc., Venezuela; shark predation)
		2006	Astibia et al. (indeterminate dugongids; Middle Eoc., Spain)
x		2009	Peters et al. (Late Eoc., Wadi Al-Hitan, Egypt; taphonomy & preservation; 294, 296-7, 299-301.)
		2010	Uhen et al. (Dugongidae indet.; Early Mioc., Panama)
		2011	Bianucci et al. (Dugongidae indet.; Olig. & Mioc.; Malta)
		2011	Boschele et al. (Dugongidae indet.; Late Eoc., Early Olig., Italy)
		2014	Gingerich & Cappetta (lower Middle Eoc., Togo)
		2016	Gagnaison et al. (?dugongid; early Middle Eocene, Spain)
	*	2019	Samonds et al. (Dugongidae indet.; Mioc., Madagascar)
		2019	Gol'din et al. (Dugongidae indet.; early Olig., Ukraine)
		2019	Orihuela et al. (Dugongidae incertae sedis; Early Mioc., Cuba; brain endocasts)

Dugongidus dugong (Gmelin, 1788) Gray, 1821 ( 1 )
x		*	1821	Gray, J.E. (implied n.comb.; 309.)

Dugongidus Gray, 1821 ( 1 )
x		*	1821	Gray, J.E. (n.gen.; in classification; 309.)

Dugonginae (Gray, 1821) Simpson, 1932 ( 6 )
x	*	1932a	Simpson, G.G. (new rank; in classification; 424.)
x		1941	Kretzoi, M. (in classification; 154.)
x		1945	Simpson, G.G. (in classification; 135.)
	*	1994b	Domning, D.P. (extended to include Rytiodontinae)
x		1999	Renz, M. (undescribed dugongine; Florida; 63.)
x		2006	Pledge, N.S. ("Dugonginae incertae sedis"; Early Plioc., South Australia; 295-305.)

Dugungus indicus (Boddaert, 1785) Tiedemann, 1808 ( 2 )
x	*	1808	Tiedemann, F. (n.comb.; 554.)
		1833	Hamilton, R.

Dugungus Tiedemann, 1808 ( 5 )
x	*	1808	Tiedemann, F. (n.gen.; 554.)
x		1811	Illiger, C. (syn. of Halicore; m140.)
x		1872a	Gill, T. (syn. of Halicore; m92.)
x		1932a	Simpson, G.G. (m423.)
x		1978c	Domning, D.P. (syn. of Dugong; m578.)

Dusisiren dewana Takahashi, Domning, and Saito, 1986 ( 14 )
x	v		1977b	Domning, D.P. ("DD"; phyletic position; 354, 358, 360-361.)
x	v		1978b	Domning, D.P. ("D. Species D"; Plioc., California; 13, 72, 97, 100, 102-104, 109, 129, 144, 146, 157-158.)
x	v		1979	Takahashi et al. ("Dusisiren n.sp."; Late Mioc., Japan; 228.)
	v		1981	Takahashi, S.
x	v	*	1983	Takahashi et al. (Late Mioc., Yamagata, Japan; report on excavation; 1-76.)
x		*	1986	Takahashi et al. (n.sp.; Late Mioc., Yamagata, Japan; 296-321, pls. 53-62.)
x			1987a	Domning, D.P. (pop. acc.; 66-71.)
x			1988	Estes & Steinberg (evolution & feeding on kelp; 22.)
x			1989a	Domning, D.P. (evolution & feeding on kelp; 53-55.)
	v		1989	Ijiri & Inuzuka
			1998	Kobayashi & Nagasawa (thoracic skeleton)
			2005	Furusawa, H.
			2013	Furusawa, H. (Dusisiren, Hydrodamalis; climatic cooling, size increase, loss of teeth)
			2014	Boessenecker et al. (Purisima Fm.; Late Mioc., California; m4.)

Dusisiren Domning, 1978 ( 4 )
x	*	1978b	Domning, D.P. (n.gen.; 2-4, 7, 11-75, 98, 101-110, 113-114, 116-132, 140-146, 148-158, 161.)
x		1982	Domning, Morgan & Ray (m62.)
x		1982	Kleinschmidt, A. (m378-379.)
x		1984	Muizon, C. de (m171.)

Dusisiren jordani (Kellogg, 1925) Domning, 1978 ( 18 )
x	*	1978b	Domning, D.P. (n.comb.; Mioc., California; redescription; 7, 9, 13-74, 76, 80-90, 100-104, 106-108, 114, 116-132, 140, 143-144, 150-157, pls. 1-15.)
x		1980	Inuzuka et al. (m640.)
x		1982	Aizu Fossil Research Group ("Dusisiren cf. jordani"; Late Mioc., Japan; 282-284, pl. 1.)
x		1982	Barnes, L.G. (pop. acc.; 20.)
x		1983	Takahashi et al. (comp. w/ D. dewana; 13, 15-16.)
x		1984	Domning & Deméré (comp. w/ Hydrodamalis cuestae; 169, 176, 179-180, 183, 186.)
x		1985	Muizon & Domning (comp. w/ Metaxytherium calvertense; 204, 211.)
x		1986	Takahashi et al. (comp. w/ D. dewana; 296-298, 300-311, 315-318.)
x		1987	Bajpai et al. (comp. w/ Metaxytherium kachchhense; 22-23.)
x		1987	Domning & Thomas (comp. w/ Metaxytherium serresii; 216, 222.)
x		1987a	Domning, D.P. (pop. acc.; 66-71.)
x		1988	Domning, D.P. (comp. w/ Metaxytherium floridanum; 401, 406, 408-409, 413-415, 418.)
x		1988	Estes & Steinberg (m21-22.)
x		1993	Deméré, T.A. (comp. w/ indet. sir. from California; m84.)
		2003	Clementz et al. (calcium isotope values)
		2005	Furusawa, H.
x		2006	Pledge, N.S. (comp. w/ "Dugonginae incertae sedis"; Early Plioc., South Australia; 296, 298-299.)
		2013	Furusawa, H. (Dusisiren, Hydrodamalis; climatic cooling, size increase, loss of teeth)

Dusisiren reinharti Domning, 1978 ( 12 )
x	v		1972a	Domning, D.P. ("Metaxytherium n. sp."; distr.; 147, 149.)
x	v		1977b	Domning, D.P. ("DR"; phyletic position & role in North Pacific paleoecology; 353-354, 356, 358, 360.)
x		*	1978b	Domning, D.P. (n.gen.n.sp.; Mioc., Baja California; 7, 13-19, 23, 29, 32-33, 36, 42, 61, 67, 73-74, 83, 101-104, 108, 116-117, 120, 143-144, 148-149, pls. 5, 15.)
x			1980	Haley, D. (pop. acc.; 7.)
x			1980	Inuzuka et al. (m640.)
x			1983	Takahashi et al. (m13.)
x			1985	Muizon & Domning (comp. w/ Metaxytherium calvertense; 204, 210-211.)
x			1987	Bajpai et al. (comp. w/ Metaxytherium kachchhense; 22-23.)
x			1988	Domning, D.P. (comp. w/ Metaxytherium floridanum; 409.)
x			1989c	Domning, D.P. (comp. w/ Dioplotherium manigaulti; m423.)
			2005	Furusawa, H.
			2013	Furusawa, H. (Dusisiren, Hydrodamalis; climatic cooling, size increase, loss of teeth)

Dusisiren takasatensis Kobayashi, Horikawa, and Miyazaki, 1995 ( 3 )
	*	1995	Kobayashi et al. (n.sp.; Late Mioc., Japan)
		2005	Furusawa, H.
		2013	Furusawa, H. (Dusisiren, Hydrodamalis; climatic cooling, size increase, loss of teeth)

Dystomus Fischer von Waldheim, 1813 ( 1 )
		*	1813-14	Fischer v. Waldheim, G. (n.gen.; 1: m15, m19.)